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[Dr. Sinn's LiverTODAY 015 - ¸¸¼º BÇü °£¿° »ê¸ðÀÇ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á]

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[2017-3-8. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]

Á¦°¡ »êºÎÀΰú º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ±Ù¹«ÁßÀε¥ ¸¸¼º BÇü °£¿° »ê¸ðµéÀ» µå¹°Áö ¾Ê°Ô Áø·áÁß¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

30´ë »ê¸ð·Î(¼öÁ÷°¨¿°) ÀÓ½ÅÀüºÎÅÍ ¹Ù¶óÅ©·çµå¸¦ º¹¿ëÁßÀ¸·Î (HBeAg positive) ALT, HBV DNA ¸ðµÎ Á¤»ó¹üÀ§·Î À¯ÁöÁßÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀӽŠ»ç½ÇÀ» ¾Ë°í ³­ µÚ Áß´Ü»óÅ·ΠÇöÀç ÀӽŠ31ÁÖ·Î serially follow-up¿¡¼­ ALT´Â normal range, HBV DNA 20,800 IU/mL, 121,056 copies/mL ·Î »ó½Â¼Ò°ßÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù °£ÇÐȸ ÇнÀÀÚ·á¿¡¼­ "»ê¸ðÀÇ HBV DNA°¡ 10^6 copies/mL ÀÌ»óÀÎ °æ¿ì ÀӽŠ32ÁÖ ºÎÅÍ´Â Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ Ä¡·á¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ¼öÁ÷ °¨¿°À» ÁÙÀ̱â À§ÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀ» ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾à¹° ¼±Åÿ¡ À־´Â ÀÓ»êºÎ Åõ¿© ¾ÈÀü¼º µî±Þ B ¿¡ ÇØ´çµÇ´Â Å׳ëÆ÷ºñ¾î³ª ÅÚºñºÎµòÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ÀÓ½ÅÁß Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Åõ¾àÀº ¸ðÅÂÀÇ °Ç°­°ú ¸ðÅÂÀÇ °£ÁúȯÀÌ Å¾ƿ¡ ¹ÌÄ¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿µÇâ, ±×¸®°í, Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ÀÇ Å¾ƿ¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿µÇâ µîÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ¿© ½ÅÁßÈ÷ °áÁ¤ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù."

Management of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: Propositions and challenges. Yi P. J Clin Virol 2016

±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­´Â ¾î¶»°Ô Ä¡·áÇÏ½Ã°í °è½Ã³ª¿ä?

1. ÀÓ½ÅÀü Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ Åõ¿©ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø »ê¸ð°¡ 32ÁÖ °æ DNA »ó½Â½Ã (ALT´Â Á¤»ó) Ä¡·áÇϽóª¿ä?

2. ÀÓ½ÅÀü Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦(Á¦ÇȽº or ¹Ù¶óÅ©·çµå) Ä¡·á¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù°¡ Á¤»ó level·Î À¯ÁöµÇ°í ÀÖ¾î ÀÓ½ÅÃʱâ Áß´Ü »óÅÂÀÌ´Ù°¡ 32ÁÖ °æ DNA »ó½Â½Ã (ALT´Â Á¤»ó) Ä¡·áÇϽóª¿ä? Ä¡·áÇÏ½Å´Ù¸é ºñ¸®¾îµå·Î Ä¡·áÇϽóª¿ä ? ¸¸¾à ºñ¸®¾îµå¸¦ º¹¿ë ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù¸é ¾ðÁ¦±îÁö º¹¿ëÇϸç Ãâ»ê ÀÌÈÄ¿¡µµ °è¼Ó ºñ¸®¾îµå À¯ÁöÇϽóª¿ä, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ±âÁ¸ ¾àÀ¸·Î º¯°æÇؼ­ º¹¿ëÇϳª¿ä?

3. ¾à ó¹æÀ» ÇϽŴٸé 1¹ø°ú 2¹ø ¸ðµÎ ºñº¸ÇèÀ¸·Î ó¹æÇϽô°¡¿ä?

4. ¼öÁ÷°¨¿° ¿¹¹æÀ§ÇØ »ê¸ð°¡ °­·ÂÈ÷ º¹¿ëÀ» ¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é ºÎÀÛ¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾î¶»°Ô ±³¼ö´ÔÀº ¼³¸íÇϽóª¿ä?

5. ÀӽŠ´ç½Ã¿¡µµ ALT, HBV DNA °¡ Á¤»ó¹üÀ§ ÀÌÇÏ·Î ¾ïÁ¦°¡ ¾ÈµÇ´Â »ê¸ðµéÀº Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ º¹¿ëÀ¯Áö ȤÀº Áß´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾î¶»°Ô ¼³¸íÇØ¾ß µÉ±î¿ä?

[2017-3-8. ½Åµ¿Çö ±³¼ö´Ô ´äº¯]

EndoTODAY µ¶ÀÚ ¼±»ý´Ôµé²².

¸ÕÀú Á˼ÛÇÏ´Ù´Â ¸»¾¸À» µå¸³´Ï´Ù. Á¦°¡ ¿ø³» ¼±»ý´Ôµé¿¡°Ô ¹ß¼ÛÇÏ´ø liver °ü·Ã ¼Ò½ÄÁö¸¦ EndoTODAYÀÇ Áö¸éÀ» ºô¾î LiverTODAY¶ó´Â À̸§À¸·Î È£±â·Ó°Ô EndoTODAY µ¶Àںе鿡°Ô º¸³»´Ù°¡, ¾Æ¹«·± °øÁö³ª ¾çÇØ ¾øÀÌ Áß´Ü ÁßÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¹Ùºü¼­¶ó±â º¸´Ù´Â ¾î´À³¯ »ý°¢º¸´Ù ¸¹Àº ºÐµéÀÌ EndoTODAY¸¦ ±¸µ¶ ÁßÀ̶ó´Â »ç½Ç¿¡ °©Àڱ⠰ÌÀÌ ³µ±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á¶¿ëÈ÷ ÀØÇôÁú °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ°í Áö³»´Ù°¡ ¾î¶² °è±â°¡ ÀÖ¾î ´Ù½Ã ½ÃÀÛÇØ¾ß ÇÏ°Ú´Ù´Â »ý°¢ÀÌ µé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. LiverTODAY¿¡ °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ ½Ã°¢ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǴõ¶óµµ ³Î¸® ¾çÇØ ºÎŹµå¸®°í, ±ÕÇüÀÖ°Ô »ìÆ캸½Ç °ÍÀ̶ó »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ´Ù½Ã ½ÃÀÛÇØ º¸°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. À̹ø ÁÖ´Â '¸¸¼º BÇü °£¿° »ê¸ðÀÇ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á'¿¡ ´ëÇØ »ìÆ캸°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.

1. Tenofovir to prevent hepatitis B transmission in mothers with high viral load Pan CQ. N Engl J Med 2016;34:2324

- ¿ä¾à: HBeAg¾ç¼º, DNA 200,000 IU/mL ÀÌ»ó »ê¸ð¿¡°Ô ÀӽŠ30-32ÁÖºÎÅÍ postpartum week 4±îÁö tenofovir¸¦ Åõ¾àÇÑ ±º¿¡¼­ mother-to child transmissionÀÌ °¨¼ÒÇÔ (per-perotocol: 0 vs. 7%, intention to treat 5% vs. 18%).

- Comment

1) HBeAg¾ç¼º, high viral load (DNA 200,000 IU/ml)ÀÌ»óÀÇ »ê¸ð¿¡¼­ ž ¾ÆÀÌ´Â immunoprophylaxis (immunoglobulin + vaccination)¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æµµ 10-30%¿¡¼­ mother-to-child transmissionÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

2) Standard immunoprophylaxis°¡ ½ÇÆÐÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â HBeAg¾ç¼ºÀÇ HBV DNA³óµµ°¡ ³ôÀº »ê¸ðµéÀº antiviral therapy (tenofovir, telbivudine µî)¸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸¸é mother-to-child transmission risk¸¦ ³·Ãâ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


»ê¸ðÀÇ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á´Â °í·ÁÇÒ Á¡ÀÌ ¿©·¯°¡ÁöÀÔ´Ï´Ù. »ê¸ðÀÇ ¸¶À½Àº ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ ¸ÕÀúÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ°ÚÁö¸¸, ÀúÈñ¿¡°Ô´Â »ê¸ð°¡ ¸ÕÀúÀÏ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. »ê¸ðÀÇ °£»óÅ°¡ 1¹ø °í·Á ´ë»óÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº clinical ½Ã³ª¸®¿À°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

1) Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ º¹¿ëÁßÀÎ °£°æº¯ ¶Ç´Â °£¾Ï Ä¡·á·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ´Â »ê¸ð°¡ ÀÓ½ÅÀ» Çß´Ù¸é? (»ê¸ð ¸ÕÀú)

→ °£¾Ï Ä¡·á·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ¿©¼ººÐÀÌ, ÀӽŠ¼Ò½ÄÀ» ¾Ë·Á¿Í ´çȲÇß´ø ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. óÀ½¿¡´Â ¸¹ÀÌ ´çȲÇß°í, ±× ÈÄ ¸î ¹ø °æÇèÇÏ´Ï Ã³À½º¸´Ù´Â ´ú ´çȲÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

→ Àú´Â º¸Åë ÀӽŠ1±â¿¡´Â °£¾Ï Ä¡·á·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ´ë»ó¼º °£°æº¯ ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô´Â º¸Åë ¾à Áß´ÜÀ» ±ÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Close F/UÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Withdrawal hepatitis°¡ ¿À´ÂÁö Àß ºÁ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 1±â°¡ Áö³ª¸é ¹Ù·Î Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦¸¦ ´Ù½Ã Åõ¾àÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

→ ºñ´ë»ó¼º °£°æº¯ ȯÀÚºÐÀÌ ÀÓ½ÅÇϸé, ÀӽŠ1±â¿¡µµ ¾àÀ» À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â°Ô ¾ÈÀüÇÒ °Å °°Àºµ¥, ºñ´ë»ó¼º °£°æº¯(º¹¼ö, Ȳ´Þ µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ºÐ)ÀÌ ÀÓ½ÅÇÑ »ç·Ê¸¦ °æÇèÇÑ ¹Ù°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÓ»ó¿¡¼­ °ÅÀÇ °ÅÀÌ ¾øÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

2) Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦¸¦ º¹¿ëÁßÀÎ ¸¸¼º°£¿°(°£°æº¯ Áõ°Å°¡ ¾ø´Â ºÐ) »ê¸ð°¡ ÀÓ½ÅÀ» Çß´Ù¸é? (»ê¸ð¸ÕÀú)

→ Àú´Â ÀӽŠ1±â¶§¿¡´Â º¸Åë ¾à Áß´ÜÀ» ±ÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Close FUÀº ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Withdrawal hepatitis°¡ ¿À¸é (ALT flare + HBV DNA elevation) ¹Ù·Î ¾àÀ» ´Ù½Ã ½ÃÀÛÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ °£¿°¾à Áß´Ü ÈÄ withdrawal hepatitis°¡ ¿À¸é, ¿©°£ ¸¾°í»ýÀ» ÇÏ´Â°Ô ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ALT°¡ »ó½ÂµÇ°í ³ª¼­ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦¸¦ ¾î¿ ¼ö ¾øÀÌ ½ÃÀÛÇÏÁö¸¸, Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦¸¦ ¾´´Ù°í hepatitis°¡ ¹Ù·Î ÁÁ¾ÆÁö´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ï±î¿ä. ÇÑ »ê¸ð´Â ÀÓ½ÅÇÑ ÁÙ ¾Ë°í ¸Ô´ø ¾àÀ» Áß´ÜÇÏ°í »êºÎÀΰú¿¡¼­ FU Áß ÀӽŠ3±â¿¡ ALT°¡ 350 U/L·Î »ó½ÂÇؼ­ ³»¿øÇß½À´Ï´Ù. Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦¸¦ ´Ù½Ã Åõ¾àÇÏ¿´Áö¸¸, ALT°¡ 500, 600 °è¼Ó ¿Ã¶ó liver failure·Î ÁøÇàÇϳª ³Ê¹« ¸¾°í»ýÀ» Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ´ÙÇàÈ÷ Àß È¸º¹Çß½À´Ï´Ù¸¸, º°·Î °Þ°í ½ÍÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

→ º¸Åë ¾àÀ» Áß´ÜÇÏ°í ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â withdrawal hepatitis´Â ¸ÕÀú HBV DNA°¡ ¿À¸£°í, ±×¸®°í ALT°¡ ¿À¸¨´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ALT°¡ ¿À¸£±â Àü¿¡ HBV DNA º¯È­¸¦ º¸°í ÀçÅõ¾àÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â°Ô ´õ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾àÀ» Áß´ÜÇÏ°í biochemical flare¿Í peak off-therapy HBV DNA levelÀÇ »ó°ü°ü°è¸¦ »ìÆ캻 ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (Kim KH, Sinn DH. Dig Dis Sci 2011). Biochemical flare´Â HBV DNA levels°ú ¿¬°üÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥, ³·Àº HBV DNA ³óµµ¿¡¼­´Â biochemical flare°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ¹Ý¸é, DNA°¡ »ó½ÂÇÏ¸é °ÅÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐ ALT flare°¡ ¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. ÀúÈñ ÀÚ·á¿¡¼­´Â DNA °¡ 10,000 IU/mlÀÌÇÏ¿¡¼­´Â 0%, 10,000~100,000 IU/ml¿¡¼­´Â 33%, ±× À̻󿡼­´Â 83%¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

→ µû¶ó¼­ »ê¸ðµé¿¡¼­ ¾àÀÌ Áß´ÜµÈ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â HBV DNA¸¦ Àß »ìÆ캸´Ù°¡, 10,000 IU/mL À̳»¸é observation; 10,000 ~ 100,000 IU/mLÀÌ¸é »ê¸ð¿¡°Ô ¼³¸íÇÏ°í ¿øÇÏ¸é ¹Ù·Î ¾à ÀçÅõ¾à, ¾Æ´Ï¸é 2ÁÖµÚ short-term re-check; 100,000 IU/mL ÀÌ»ó »ó½ÂÇϸé biochemical flare risk ¼³¸íÇÏ°í ¾àÀ» ´Ù½Ã ½ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ALT flare¸¦ ±â´Ù¸®Áö ¾Ê°í ´Ù½Ã ½ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù¸¸, °£À» Àü°øÇϽô ±³¼ö´Ô º°·Î ÀÇ°ßÀÌ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿µ¿ªÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾àÀ» ¸Ô´Ù°¡ Áß´ÜÇߴµ¥, HBV DNA °¡ 100,000 IU/mL ÀÌ»ó ¿À¸£´Â »ê¸ð´Â mother-to-child transmissionÀ» ¸·´Â´Ù´Â °üÁ¡ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, »ê¸ðÀÇ biochemical flare°¡ °ÆÁ¤µÇ¾î ¾àÀ» Àç ½ÃÀÛÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ALT°¡ Á¤»óÀÌÁö¸¸ º¸Åë HBV DNA°¡ ¾à º¹¿ë Áß À½ÀüµÈ ºÐÀÌ HBV DNA°¡ »ó½ÂµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀº, Á¡Á¡ ¿À¸£¸é ALT flare°¡ ¿Ã °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁö±â ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̴ϱî¿ä.

→ À̶§ ¶Ç °í·ÁÇÒ °Ô ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó º¸ÇèÀº 6°³¿ù ÈÞ¾àÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é, ´Ù½Ã º¸Çè ±ÔÁ¤À» ¸ÂÃß¾î Åõ¾àÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. DNA + ALT±âÁØÀÌ ´Ù ¸Â¾Æ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áï biochemical flare°¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ HBV DNA°¡ »ó½ÂÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â »ê¸ð¸¦ ALT ±âÁØÀÌ ¸ÂÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í Çؼ­, ALT°¡ »ó½ÂÇϱ⸦ ±â´Ù¸®¸é¼­ Åõ¾à ¾øÀÌ short-term FUÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Á¤¸» »ì¶³¸®´Â ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ´ÙÇàÈ÷ ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ±Þ¿© ±âÁØ»ó 6°³¿ù À̳» Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ ó¹æÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é º¸Çè±âÁØÀ» ´Ù½Ã ¸ÂÃâ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. »è°¨ÀÇ incidence, risk factor, preventionµîÀ» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ´Â ½ÉÆòÀÇÇÐÀ̶ó´Â Çй®ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù(Âî¶ó½Ã^^). ÀÌ Âî¶ó½Ã¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé "ÀӽŠ2-3±â ¶§ HBV DNA flare°¡ ¿À±â ½ÃÀÛÇϸé ALT flare°¡ ¿À±âÀü ±Þ¿©·Î ¹Ù·Î ¾àÀ» Åõ¾àÇÏ·Á°í, »ê¸ð¿¡°Ô ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â ¸ÔÁö ¸»¶ó°í ÇÏ°í, ÈÞ¾à±â°¡ 6°³¿ù À̳»°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê°Ô Á¶ÀýÇؼ­ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ ó¹æÀ» ÇÏ´Â »ç·Ê"µµ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± º¸Çè °ü·Ã ¹®Á¦Á¡Àº ÇÐȸ Â÷¿ø¿¡¼­ °³¼±À» ÇØ¾ß Çϴµ¥, ¿¹Àü¿¡´Â °£ÇÐȸ¿¡¼­ ¹¹ÇÏ°í ÀÖ³ª ÇÏ°í À̾߱⸸ ÇÏ¸é µÇ¾ú´Âµ¥, ÇÐȸ ÀÏÀ» Á¶±Ý ÇØ º¸´Ï º¸Çè°ü·ÃÇؼ­´Â Á¤¸» ¾î·Á¿î Á¡ÀÌ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. Âî¶ó½Ã°¡ »ç½ÇÀÏ °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ¾î Âü°íÇØ º¼ ¸¸µµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

→ º¸Çè ±Þ¿©½Ã ¶Ç °í·ÁÇÒ °Ô ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÓ½ÅÀ» Çϸé entecavir¸¦ tenofovir¿Í °°ÀÌ FDA class C → class B·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾îµµ º¸Çè ±Þ¿© ó¹æÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, FDA class B°¡ Cº¸´Ù´Â ¸¶À½ÀÌ ÆíÇؼ­ ÀÓ½ÅÁß¿¡´Â FDA class B¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇؼ­ ¾²°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. ÀÓ½ÅÀü entecavir º¹¿ëÁßÀΠȯÀÚ´Â Ãâ»ê ÈÄ ´Ù½Ã entecavir·Î ÀüȯÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ½ÉÆò¿ø °í½Ã 'Ÿ´çÇÑ º¯°æ »çÀ¯' Ç׸ñ¿¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. Tenofovir ÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ½ÉÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é Ãâ»ê ÈÄ ´Ù½Ã entecavir·Î ÀüȯÇÏ¸é ¾àÁ¦Åõ¾à¿¡ µû¸¥ ±Þ¿© ÇýÅÃÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.

3) Immune tolerant phase, ¾àÁ¦ Åõ¾à·Â ¾ø´Â HbeAg (+), High viral load, ALT Á¤»óÀÎ »ê¸ð°¡ ÀÓ½ÅÀ» Çß´Ù¸é? (mother-to-child transmission °í·Á)

→ ÀÌ È¯ÀÚ±ºÀÌ À̹ø NEJM ³í¹®ÀÇ °í·Á ´ë»óÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ºÐµéÀº high viral load, HBeAg (+)À̳ª ALT°¡ Á¤»óÀÎ immune tolerant phase¿¡¼­ ÀÓ½ÅÇÑ ºÐµé·Î, ȯÀÚºÐÀº Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á ´ë»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ºÐµéÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± ºÐµéÀÌ ÀÓ½ÅÀ» Çϸé mother-to-children transmissionÀ» ¿¹¹æÇϱâ À§ÇØ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á¸¦ ÇØ¾ß Çϳª¿ä? ÀÌ·± ¸»À» ÇѺÐÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. We cannot disagree on fact. However, we can disagree on the interpretation of facts and on value of the fact (Hannah Arendt, 1906-1975). FACTS¸¦ Á¤¸®ÇØ º¸¸é ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

µû¶ó¼­ »ê¸ð´Â Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á °í·Á ´ë»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï³ª, '¾ÆÀÌ'¿¡°Ô mother-to-child transmissionÀ» ¸·±â À§ÇØ immunoprophylaxis + antiviralÀ» ÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹®Á¦´Â ÃæºÐÇÑ ÀÚ·á°¡ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÇöÀç±îÁö ³ª¿Â ºÒÃæºÐÇÑ ÀÚ·á¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾î¶² °¡Ä¡ ÆÇ´ÜÀ» ÇÏ´À³ÄÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °¡Ä¡ ÆÇ´ÜÀº ÀÇ»ç È¥ÀÚÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, »ê¸ð + º¸È£ÀÚ¿Í Àß »óÀÇÇؼ­ risk/benefitÀ» Àß ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í º»ÀεéÀÇ °¡Ä¡ ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ ¸Â´Â ¼±ÅÃÀ» Àß ÇÏ°Ô µµ¿ÍÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀÇ»çÀÇ ¿ªÈ°ÀÏ °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ¼³¸íµå¸³´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »çÇ×Àº ¸ðµÎ '»ê¸ð'°¡ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á °í·Á´ë»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Ò ¶§ ³íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ°í, '»ê¸ð'°¡ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á ´ë»óÀÌ¸é °í¹Î¾øÀÌ Ä¡·áÇÏ¼Å¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


[2017-3-9. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Ãß°¡ Áú¹®]

Ãß°¡Àû ±Ã±ÝÇÑ°Ô À־ ¿©ÂåºÁµµ µÉ±î¿ä. Àü¿¡ ¹®Àǵå·È´ø ÀÌ È¯ÀÚÀÇ (ÀӽŠ31ÁÖ) °æ¿ì ȯÀÚ´Â ALTÁ¤»ó, DNA 20,800 IU/mLÀ¸·Î·Î »ó½ÂµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Áú¹® 1. »ê¸ð¿¡°Ô ¼³¸í ÈÄ È¤½Ã ¾à º¹¿ëÀ» ¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é ±âÁ¸ (ÀÓ½ÅÀü) entecavir º¹¿ëÁßÀ̾ º¸ÇèÀ¸·Î Tenofovir º¯°æó¹æ ÇÏ°í Ãâ»ê ÈÄ¿¡µµ Tenofovir·Î º¹¿ë À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ³´°ÚÁÒ? 10,000 IU/mL ÀÌ»óÀÌ¸é ¿øÇҽà ¾à ÀçÅõ¾àÀ̶ó°í Çϼ̴µ¥.. »ê¸ð°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ º¸Åë HBeAg positive ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ¾à Åõ¾à ½ÃÁ¡ÀÌ ALT »ó½Â + DNA´Â 20,000 IU/mL ÀÌ»óÀε¥ À̺¸´Ù Åõ¾à ±âÁØ ALT levelÀÌ ³·Àºµ¥. º¸ÇèÀûÀ¸·Î °¡´ÉÇÑ°¡¿ä? (ALT Á¤»óÀ̸ç DNA »ó½Â¸¸À¸·Îµµ ¾àÁ¦ º¯°æ Åõ¾àÀÌ º¸Çè ó¹æÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù¸é ³»¼ºÀÌ ÀûÀº Tenofovir·Î ó¹æÇÏ°í ½Í½À´Ï´Ù.)

Áú¹® 2. »ê¸ð°¡ º¹¿ëÀ» ¿øÄ¡ ¾Ê°í short term follow up Çϱ⸦ ¿øÇҽÿ¡ Ãâ»êÈıîÁö ALT°¡ Á¤»ó¹üÀ§·Î À¯ÁöµÈ´Ù¸é viologic flare upÀ¸·Î Ãâ»êÈÄ¿¡´Â ±âÁ¸ º¹¿ëÇÏ´Ù Áß´ÜÇÑ entecavir¸¦ À¯ÁöÇϽôÂÁö, tenofovir·Î º¯°æÇϽôÂÁö (º¸Çè¿©ºÎ) ±Ã±ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Áú¹® 3. ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­´Â ¸¸¼º °£¿°À¸·Î ¾à º¹¿ëÇÏ´Ù°¡ ÀӽŠÁß Áß´ÜÇÑ »ê¸ðµéÀº (Á¤»óÀÌÇÏ·Î À¯ÁöµÇ´Â °æ¿ì) º¸Åë ALT, DNA´Â ¾ó¸¶ ÁÖ±â·Î follow up ÇϽóª¿ä? (4 ÁÖ È¤Àº 8 ÁÖ ?)

Áú¹® 4. HBeAg negative/ anti-Hbe positive ÀÎ »ê¸ð´Â HBeAg positive ȯÀÚ¿Í ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© ¾î¶»°Ô follow up ÇϽóª¿ä? ÅÂ¾Æ °¨¿° ¾ïÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ management°¡ ÀÖ³ª¿ä? (DNA levelÀ̶ó´øÁö, antiviral drug prophylaxis µî)

[2017-3-9. ½Åµ¿Çö ±³¼ö´Ô Ãß°¡ ´äº¯]

´äº¯ 1. ÀÓ½ÅÁßÀÎ »ê¸ðºÐÀÌ´Ï entecavir (FDA class C)º¸´Ù´Â tenofovir (FDA Class B)°¡ ÁÁ°Ú°í, º¸Çè ±Þ¿©ÇÏ Åõ¾àÀ̶ó¸é Ãâ»ê ÀÌÈÄ¿¡µµ tenofovir À¯Áö°¡ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. Ãâ»êÀÌÈÄ entecavir À纯°æÀº º¸Çè±Þ¿©ÇÏ Åõ¾àÀÌ ¾ÈµË´Ï´Ù.

Åõ¾à Áß´Ü ÈÄ 6°³¿ùÀÌ °æ°úÇÏ¿´´Ù¸é º¸Çè ±Þ¿©·Î ¾àÀ» Àç½ÃÀÛÇϽǶ§¿¡´Â ALT »ó½Â + DNA 20,000 IU/mL°¡ ¸¸Á·ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. DNA»ó½Â¸¸À¸·Î ó¹æÇÏ·Á¸é °£°æº¯ ȯÀÚ¿©¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Åõ¾à Áß´Ü 6°³¿ù À̳»¶ó¸é º¸Çè ±Þ¿© ÇÏ tenofovir º¯°æ ó¹æ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼±»ý´Ô ȯÀÚºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì ÃßÀ̸¦ º¸¼Å¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. DNA 20,800 IU/mL ¸¦ º¸ÀÌ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ÀçÈ°¼ºÈ­°¡ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦»ý°¢¿¡ ÀÌ¹Ì ¾à Áß´Ü ÈÄ 6°³¿ùÀÌ Áö³ª¼ÌÀ» °Å °°À¸´Ï, º¸Çè ±âÁØ ÇÏ ¾àÁ¦ º¯°æ Åõ¾à ¾î·Á¿ì½Ç °Å °°½À´Ï´Ù. Ȥ½Ã ¾àÁ¦ Åõ¾à Áß´Ü 6°³¿ù À̳»À̾ º¸Çè±Þ¿© Åõ¾àÀÌ °¡´ÉÇϸé tenofovir º¯°æ Åõ¾àÀ» ¿ì¼± ±ÇÇص帳´Ï´Ù.

¾àÁ¦ Åõ¾à Áß´Ü 6°³¿ùÀÌ Áö³µ´Ù¸é, (1) ºñº¸Çè Ä¡·á¶óµµ Ȥ½Ã ¸ð¸¦ flare¸¦ ¿¹¹æÀ» ¿øÇϸé tenofovir 100/100 ó¹æÀ» Çغ¼ ¼ö Àִµ¥, ¿ì¼± ±ÇÇϱâ´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ DNA°¡ »ý°¢º¸´Ù levelÀÌ ³·½À´Ï´Ù. (2) º¸Çè ±Þ¿© ÇÏ Ä¡·á¸¦ ¿øÇϸé, ¿ì¼± 2ÁÖ-4ÁÖ ÈÄ HBV DNA¸¦ FUÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 2-4ÁÖ ÈÄ HBV DNA°¡ 10¹è¾¿ ±Þ°Ý »ó½Â ¼Ò°ß º¸ÀÌ°í ÀÖ´Ù¸é, °ð biochemical flare°¡ ¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ï ºñº¸ÇèÀÌ¶óµµ ¿ì¼± Åõ¾àÀ» ±ÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í Ãâ»êÇÏÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ ºñ±Þ¿© ¾àÀ» Áß´ÜÇÑ ÈÄ, ÀÌÈÄ¿¡´Â ´Ù½Ã º¸Çè ±Þ¿© ÇÏ Åõ¾àÀ» ±â´Ù·Áº¸ÀÚ°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â biochemical flare¸¦ ¸î¹ø °æÇèÇÑ ÀÌÈÄ¿¡´Â ALT»ó½ÂÀ» »ê¸ð¿¡¼­´Â ±â´Ù¸®Áö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù¸¸, °³ÀÎ practiceÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

´äº¯ 2. ALT°¡ °è¼Ó Á¤»ó À¯ÁöµÇ¾î Ãâ»ê±îÁö ¾àÀ» º¹¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é, ÁߴܱⰣ 6°³¿ù ÀÌ»óÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ º¸Çè ±Þ¿©·Î ´Ù½Ã Åõ¾àÇÏ·Á¸é ALT »ó½Â + DNA 20,000 IUÀÌ ¸¸Á·ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. À̶§´Â entecavir or tenofovir ¾î¶² °ÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇϵç ÀþÀº ºÐ¿¡¼­´Â Å« ¹®Á¦ ¾øÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

´äº¯ 3. Ưº°ÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¸é 4 - 6 week FUÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÆÁÖ stableÇÏ´Ù¸é 8 week FUÀ» Çϱ⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

´äº¯ 4. HBeAb (+) »ê¸ð´Â žư¨¿° À§ÇèÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ ¹®ÇåÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» Âü°íÇØ º¸¼¼¿ä. HBeAb (+) ȯÀڴ žư¨¿° À§ÇèÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ³·±â ¶§¹®¿¡ »ê¸ð¸¸ »ý°¢ÇÏ¸é µË´Ï´Ù. »ê¸ðÀÇ °£±â´É »óÅ¿¡ µû¶ó °£¿°¾àÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Mode of transmission (Chang, Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2007;12:16)

Intrauterine infection occurs rarely in <5% of the infants born to HBeAg and HBsAg positive mothers. In our study in Taiwan, over a 10 year period, 2.4% of the 665 infants of HBeAg and HBsAg positive mothers were sero-positive for HBsAg at birth, suggesting intrauterine infection.11 They remained HBsAg positive at 12 months of age. Transplacental leakage of HBeAg-positive maternal blood, which is induced by uterine contractions during pregnancy and the disruption of placental barriers, is the most likely route for causing HBV intrauterine infection.
→ HBV DNA´Â placenta Åë°úÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù°í ¿©°ÜÁö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

HBeAg is a secretary small antigen produced by HBV. It can cross the placental barrier from the mother to the infant. Transplacental HBeAg from the mother induces a specific unresponsiveness of helper T cells to HBeAg and HBcAg in neonates born to HBeAg-positive HBsAg carrier mothers. This may be one explanation for the fact that 90% of the infants of HBeAg positive carrier mothers became chronic carriers, while only approximately <5% of the infants of HBeAg negative HBsAg carrier mothers become chronic carriers
→ HBeAgÀº placenta Åë°úÇϸç, chronic infection À¯µµ¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù°í ¿©°ÜÁö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


[2017-3-9. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]

BÇü °£¿° »ê¸ð°¡ ¿À½Ã´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Á¡µéÀÌ ¸¹Àº µí ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. »ê¸ðºÐµéÀÌ °¡Àå ±Ã±ÝÇØ ÇϽô °ÍÀº (1) ÀÚ¿¬ ºÐ¸¸À» Çصµ µÇ´Â°¡, (2) ¸ðÀ¯ ¼öÀ¯¸¦ Çصµ µÇ´Â°¡, ÀÌ µÎ °¡ÁöÀÎ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. Çлý ¶§ °øºÎ¸¦ ÇÏ¿´À» ¶§´Â °£¿° ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÀÇ ÀüÆÄÀÇ °æ·Î´Â ÀӽŠÁß Å¹ÝÀ» ÅëÇÑ ÀüÆÄ, Ãâ»ê ½Ã ü¾×À» ÅëÇÑ ÀüÆÄ, ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î ¸ðÀ¯ ¼öÀ¯ ½Ã ÀüÆÄ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀӽŠÁß ÀüÆÄÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ °¡Àå ³ôÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ³óµµ°¡ ³ôÀ¸¸é Ç× ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á¸¦ ±Ç°íÇÏ°í, Ãâ»ê½Ã¿¡´Â c-sec À» ±ÇÇϸç, Ãâ»ê ÈÄ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ¾àÁ¦¸¦ º¹¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¸ðÀ¯ ¼öÀ¯¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¸»¾Æ¶ó ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¹è¿ü´ø °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

½ÇÁ¦·Î »êºÎÀΰú¿Í ¼Ò¾Æ°ú ±³¼ö´Ô²² ¿©Â庸¾Ò´õ´Ï, c-sec À» ±ÇÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì´Â °ÅÀÇ ¾øÀÌ NSVD ¸¦ ÇÏ°í, ¸ðÀ¯ÀÇ ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ ¸¹±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦¸¦ µå½Ã´Â »ê¸ð¶ó ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ¸ðÀ¯¼öÀ¯¸¦ ±ÇÇÑ´Ù°í ÇϽôõ¶ó±¸¿ä. »ê¸ð¿Í ³²ÆíÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÏ°Ô °í·ÁÇÏ°í, °£À» º¸´Â ÀÇ»ç ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­ »ê¸ðÀÇ °£ °Ç°­ÀÌ ¿ì·ÁµÉ ¶§´Â ÀÚ¿¬ºÐ¸¸°ú ¸ðÀ¯¼öÀ¯¿¡ ÁýÂøÇÏÁö ¸»°í ²À ¾àÀ» µå½Ã¶ó°í °­·ÂÇÏ°Ô ±Ç°íµå¸®°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ¸ð¼ºÀ» »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­´Â ¶Ç ¾î·Á¿î °Íµµ »ç½ÇÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °æÇ踹Àº ±³¼ö´Ôµé²²¼­´Â ÀÚ¿¬ºÐ¸¸°ú ¸ðÀ¯¼öÀ¯¿¡ ¾î¶² ÄÚ¸àÆ®¸¦ ÇϽôÂÁö ±Ã±ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

[2017-3-9. ½Åµ¿Çö ±³¼ö´Ô ´äº¯]

NEJM corresondence¿¡ ÁÁÀº discussionµéÀÌ ½Ç·Á ÀÖ¾î À̸¦ ¹Ù·Î ¿Å±â°Ú½À´Ï´Ù (Prevention of Peripartum Hepatitis B Transmission. NEJM 2016).

Mode of delivery: A previous study (Pan CQ. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013) showed that among highly viremic mothers, the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HBV in an elective-cesarean-section group was significantly lower than the rates in the urgent-cesarean-section group and the vaginal-delivery group.
→ °³ÀÎ ÀÇ°ß: ÀÚ¿¬ ºÐ¸¸À̵ç C-secÀ̵ç ÀûÀº À§Ç輺ÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ¾ÆÁÖ Å« Â÷À̵µ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. BÇü °£¿°ÀÇ ÀüÆĸ¦ ¸·±â À§ÇØ C-secÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº °úµµÇÑ practiceÀÎ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÚ¿¬ºÐ¸¸, C-secÀÇ ¼±ÅÃÀ» °í·ÁÇÒ ¶§ BÇü °£¿° ÀüÆÄ ¿¹¹æÀº °ÅÀÇ °í·ÁÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Breast feeding: The avoidance of breast-feeding in early infancy may be detrimental, especially in low-income environments, in which HBV endemicity is highest. Guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend breast-feeding during treatment with TDF-containing antiretroviral regimens for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.The safety with long-term use of TDF is still unknown, although reduced bone density has been reported... Although the WHO has suggested breast-feeding in mothers with HIV infection, Siberry et al. recently found a significantly lower bone mineral content in newborns that was associated with TDF therapy in HIV-infected mothers than in those without exposure to TDF. Therefore, additional high-quality, longer-term follow-up data are needed before we can recommend breast-feeding in mothers with HBV infection who are taking TDF. Because our trial was not designed to examine the safety of breast-feeding during TDF therapy, we cannot definitively comment on its safety in HBV-infected mothers. Although we believe that this approach may be safe, the Food and Drug Administration-approved label of the product (Viread) states explicitly that HBV-infected mothers should be instructed not to breast-feed. If breast-feeding in immune-tolerant mothers is desired, postpartum cessation of TDF with close monitoring is not an unreasonable approach.
→ °³ÀÎÀÇ°ß: ¸ðÀ¯ ¼öÀ¯¸¦ ¿øÇÏ´Â ºÐµé¿¡°Ô´Â Á¤º¸°¡ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ´Ù°í ¸»¾¸µå¸³´Ï´Ù. ¸ðÀ¯¼öÀ¯¸¦ ¿øÇÏ´Â ºÐÀº ±×·¸°Ô ÇÏÀÚ°í ÇÏ°í, º¸Åë ¿¹Á¤ÀÏ 2-3ÀÏ Àü¿¡ Áß´ÜÇÏ°í monitoringÇϸ鼭 ÇÑ´ÞÁ¤µµ ¼öÀ¯ÇϽöó°í ¾È³» µå¸³´Ï´Ù. HBV DNA flare°¡ ¿ÀÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¾à Áß´ÜÀ» À¯ÁöÇÏ°í ¸ðÀ¯¼öÀ¯ Áö¼Ó, HBV DNA flare°¡ ¿À´Â °Å °°À¸¸é, °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ÃÊÀ¯´Â ¼öÀ¯ÇϼÌÀ¸´Ï Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ ´Ù½Ã µå½Ã°í ¸ðÀ¯¼öÀ¯ Áß´ÜÇϽöó°í ±ÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. È¥ÀÚ ¸ðÀ¯¼öÀ¯ °áÁ¤ ¸øÇÏ´Â ºÐµé¿¡°Ô¸¸ ±ÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù¸¸, Á¤´äÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù.


[2017-3-10. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]

ÇöÀç tenofovir¸¦ º¹¿ëÇÏ´Â Á¶Àý Àߵǰí ÀÖ´Â »ê¸ð¿¡°Ô¼­µµ ÀӽŠ1±â¶§ ¾àÁ¦¸¦ Áß´ÜÇϱ⸦ ±ÇÇÏ´ÂÁö ±Ã±ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù. FDA category BÀÇ °æ¿ì À¯ÁöÇصµ ±¦ÂúÀº °ÍÀº ¾Æ´ÑÁö¿ä.

[2017-3-10. ½Åµ¿Çö ±³¼ö´Ô ´äº¯]

Áú¹®À» ´Ù½Ã ¾²¸é ÀÌ·¸½À´Ï´Ù. °æ±¸¿ë Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦(tenofovir)¸¦ º¹¿ë ÁßÀΠȯÀÚ°¡ ÀÓ½ÅÀ» ¿øÇϰųª, ÀÓ½ÅÀ» Çϸé ÀӽŠ1±â¿¡µµ ¾àÁ¦¸¦ Áß´ÜÇϴ°ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ°¡?

ÃÖ±Ù Review¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù (Brown Jr et al., Hepatology 2016).

°á·ÐÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

"Antiviral therapy improves HBV suppression and reduces mother to child transmission in women with chronic HBV infection with high viral load compared to the use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and vaccination alone; the use of telbivudine, lamivudine, and tenofovir appears to be safe in pregnancy with no increased adverse maternal or fetal outcome."

ÁÖ¿ä discussionÀº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

"Thus, antiviral therapy in the third trimester for women who are HBeAg-positive with an HBV DNA level greater than 2X 105 IU/mL to prevent mother to child transmission seems warranted."

"Telbivudine and tenofovir are currently rated pregnancy category B, and lamivudine pregnancy category C, by the US Food and Drug Administration based primarily on animal data, with no clear evidence of harm in sparse human data. However, the substantial experience in the use tenofovir and lamivudine in HIV-infected pregnant women to prevent HIV transmission has not identified any significant safety concerns for either mother or newborn. Recent data in women with HIV have reported lower bone mineral content in newborns exposed to tenofovir throughout pregnancy."

°¡Àå ÃÖ±Ù updateµÈ ¹Ì±¹ °£ÇÐȸ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ ±Ç°í¾È Áß ÀϺÎÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

"Breastfeeding is not contraindicated. These antivirals are minimally excreted in breast milk and are unlikely to cause significant toxicity. The unknown risk of low-level exposure to the infant should be discussed with mothers. There are insufficient long-term safety data in infants born to mothers who took antiviral agents during pregnancy and while breastfeeding."

¿ä¾àÇϸé, Á¤º¸°¡ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ°í ¾ÕÀ¸·Îµµ °è¼Ó ºÎÁ·ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ °¡Ä¡ ÆÇ´ÜÀÇ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡´Â Áö±ØÈ÷ °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ ÀÇ°ß(°¡Ä¡ ÆÇ´ÜÀÌ °¨¾ÈµÈ)ÀÓÀ» °¨¾ÈÇØ Áֽñ⠹ٶø¸³´Ï´Ù. ¾àÁ¦ À¯Áö¿Í ¾àÁ¦ Áß´ÜÀº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº Àå´ÜÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.

1) ÀӽŽõµ

.ÀåÁ¡´ÜÁ¡
¾à À¯ÁöÇϸ鼭 ÀӽŠ½Ãµµ- ¾à Áß´Ü ÈÄ withdrwal hepatitis¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì·Á°¡ ¾øÀ½
- ÀӽŠÃʹݿ¡´Â žÆ-»ê¸ðÀÇ ¿¬°áÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î, ÀÓ½ÅÀ» Á¶±â¿¡ È®ÀÎÇÏ°í, È®ÀεÇÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ ¾àÀ» Áß´ÜÇÏ¿©µµ, ¾àÀÌ Å¾ƿ¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀº °ÅÀÇ ¾øÀ½
ÀӽŠ¿©ºÎ°¡ Á¤È®È÷ È®ÀεǴ ½ÃÁ¡ÀÌ »ç¶÷¸¶´Ù ´Ù¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î, ÀӽŠÃʹݿ¡ ¾àÀÌ ³ëÃâµÈ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¹èÁ¦µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ½
¾à Áß´ÜÇϸ鼭 ÀӽŠ½ÃµµÀӽŠÃʹݿ¡ žư¡ ¾à¿¡ ³ëÃâµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¾øÀ½¾à Áß´Ü ÈÄ ¹Ù·Î ÀÓ½ÅÀÌ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ¾î, ¾à Áß´Ü ÈÄ °æ°ú °úÁ¤ Áß withdrwal hepatitis °¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½

2) ÀӽŠÀ¯Áö Áß Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ »ç¿ë

.ÀåÁ¡´ÜÁ¡
¾à À¯ÁöÇϸ鼭 ÀӽŠÀ¯Áö¾à Áß´Ü ÈÄ withdrwal hepatitis¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì·Á°¡ ¾øÀ½¾àÀÌ Å¾ƿ¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ½
¾à Áß´ÜÇϸ鼭 ÀӽŠÀ¯Áö¾à Áß´Ü ÈÄ withdrwal hepatitis¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖÀ½¾àÀÌ Å¾ƿ¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» °ÆÁ¤ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾øÀ½

HIV cohort¿¡¼­ °üÂûµÈ °á°ú¿¡ µû¸£¸é, FDA class B antiviral drugÀº žƿ¡°Ô ¿µÇâÀÌ ¾øÀ» °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ³ô½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸, HIV cohort´Â ¾àÀ» Áß´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌÁö¸¸, HBV cohort´Â ¾àÀ» Áß´ÜÇϸé Àý´ë ¾ÈµÇ´Â ºÐµéÀΰ¡¿ä?

HBV ¾àÀ» ¾²´Ù°¡ ÀϽà Áß´ÜÇÏ¸é °¡Àå °ÆÁ¤µÇ´Â ÀÏÀº withdrwal hepatitis·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© acute liver failure°¡ ¿À´Â »óȲÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÃßÈÄ ¾àÁ¦ ³»¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì·Áµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ¾àÁ¦ ³»¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì·Á´Â entecavir/tenofovir µîÀåÀ¸·Î Å« ¹®Á¦´Â ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ÇöÀç À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¿ì·Á´Â ¾àÀ» ²÷À¸¸é ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â withdrawal hepatitisÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

´ÙÇàÈ÷ ¾àÀ» Áß´ÜÇÏ¸é ¸ÕÀú HBV DNA flare°¡ biochemical flareº¸Å¸ ¼±ÇàÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡, HBV DNA monitoringÀ» Çϸ鼭 ¾à¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¡Àå ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀӽŠ1±â´Â ¾àÀº Áß´ÜÇÏ°í monitoringÇÏ¸é ¾î¶³±î ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

¾Æ·¡´Â Á¦°¡ ÀÓ½ÅÀ» ¿øÇÏ´Â ÀþÀº °£¿° ȯÀÚ°¡ ¾à Áß´ÜÀ» ¿øÇÏ¸é µå¸®´Â ¼³¸íÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


[2017-3-11. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]

Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦¸¦ ¸ÔÁö ¾Ê°í Àִ ȯÀÚ, Áï ¸é¿ª°ü¿ë±âÀÎ ¿¹ºñ »ê¸ð´Â viral load°¡ ±²ÀåÈ÷ ³ôÀºµ¥ 24-28ÁÖ Á¤µµ¿¡ DNA °Ë»ç¸¦ Çؼ­ ³ô´Ù¸é Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÄ¡·á¸¦ ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö ¾Ë°í ½Í½À´Ï´Ù.

[2017-3-12. ½Åµ¿Çö ±³¼ö´Ô ´äº¯]

¸é¿ª°ü¿ë±âÀÇ »ê¸ðÀÇ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á

¸é¿ª°ü¿ë±âÀÇ »ê¸ð´Â BÇü °£¿° ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­´Â »ê¸ð´Â Ä¡·áÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø´Â ºÐÀÌ°í, °æ°ú °üÂû±ºÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

¸é¿ª°ü¿ë±â »ê¸ð¸¦ Ä¡·áÇÏ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ rationale´Â BÇü°£¿°ÀÇ vertical transmissionÀ» ¸·´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ¸é¿ª°ü¿ë±â »ê¸ð¿¡¼­ Ãâ»ýÇÑ Å¾ƿ¡°Ô vaccine + ImmunoglobulinÀ» Á־, vertical transmissionÀ» ¸·À» ¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿©·¯ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ½ÃÇàµÇ¾ú°í, vertical transmissionÀ» Ãß°¡·Î ¸·À» ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ÀӽŠÈĹݱ⠻ç¿ëÀº ºñ±³Àû ¾ÈÀüÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Àú´Â ÀӽŠÈĹݱ⿡ ¸é¿ª°ü¿ë±â »ê¸ð¿¡°Ô¼­ ÅÂ¾Æ °¨¿°ÀÇ À§ÇèÀ» ¼³¸íÇÏ°í, Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ Åõ¾àÀÇ Àå´ÜÁ¡À» ¼³¸íÇÑ ÈÄ Åõ¾àÇÏ½Ç °ÍÀ» ¸ÕÀú ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. À̶§ Åõ¾àÀº ºñ±Þ¿©ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY ¸¸¼º BÇü °£¿° (2016³â 4¿ù 18ÀÏ ¿ù¿ä¼ÒÈ­±âÁý´ãȸ)


[2017-3-15. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]

30¼¼ ¿©ÀÚ, HBeAg negative / anti-HBe Ab positive ÀÌ°í (anti-HCV negative, anti-HAV IgG positive) ALT normal ÀÌ´Ù°¡ 2ÁÖÀü ALT 404 ·Î »ó½Â → 1ÁÖÀü ¾à°£ °¨¼Ò, HBV DNA 1,270 IU/mL (at 3013) → 2420 IU/mL (ÇöÀç) ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì¿¡ ALT, HBV DNA ±âÁØÀ¸·Î antiviral drug ½ÃÀÛÇϽóª¿ä, ¾Æ´Ï¸é DNA levelÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ¾È ³ô°í ALT °¨¼Ò ÃßÀÌ·Î ±â´Ù¸®°í follow up ÇϽóª¿ä? ÀþÀº ¿©¼º ȯÀÚ¶ó Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ¾à¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ÅºÎ°¨ÀÌ ½ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Anti-HBe Ab positive ÀÎ °æ¿ì ¾î¶»°Ô approach ÇϽôÂÁö ±Ã±ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

[2017-3-16. ½Åµ¿Çö ±³¼ö´Ô ´äº¯]

HBeAg À½¼º ȯÀÚ´Â »ê¸ð-ÅÂ¾Æ °£¿°Àº ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀûÀ¸¹Ç·Î, »ê¸ð ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­¸¸ ÀϹÝȯÀÚ¿Í °°ÀÌ Áø·áÇ϶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ ±Ç°í¾ÈÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚºÐÀÌ ÀӽŠ2±â°¡ Áö³µ´Ù¸é, Àú´Â ¸»¾¸µå¸° °Íó·³ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º Ä¡·á¸¦ ÁÖÀúÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÆíÀÔ´Ï´Ù. BÇü °£¿°¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ALT flare´Â º¸Åë HBV DNA flare°¡ °°ÀÌ ¿É´Ï´Ù. ALT 404ÀÎ °Í¿¡ ºñÇØ HBV DNA°¡ 1,270ÀÎ °ÍÀ» º¸¸é HBV DNA³óµµ°¡ flare¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å°±â¿¡´Â ³·¾Æ º¸À̱⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀúÈñ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â HBV DNA°¡ 10,000 IU/mLÀ̳»¿¡¼­´Â ALT flare°¡ °ÅÀÇ µå¹°¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ALT »ó½ÂÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ¿øÀÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú³ª ¸é¹ÐÈ÷ Àç°ËÅäÇØ ºÁ¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¿øÀÎÀÌ È®Àεȴٸé, °æ°ú °üÂûÀ» ½ÃµµÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

ALT »ó½ÂÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¿øÀÎÀÌ ¹èÁ¦µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Æ HBV DNA¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ LFT »ó½ÂÀ̶ó°í ÆǴܵǸé, ÀӽŠÈĹݱ⿡ Ç×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ »ç¿ëÀº risk < benefitÀ̹ǷΠÇ×¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¦ º¹¿ëÀ» °­·ÂÈ÷ ±ÇÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦°¡ liver failure¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ mortality¸¦ °æÇèÇÏ´Â ´ëÇü º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ÀÏÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â selection biasÀÏ ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀþÀº ºÐÀÇ mortaility¸¦ °æÇèÇÏ°í ³ª¸é, µå¹°Áö¸¸ liver failure¸¦ ¿¹¹æÇϱâ À§ÇØ ±¦ÂúÀº (¾à ¾øÀÌ È¸º¹ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â, ¾àÀ» ¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â) »ê¸ð°¡ ´Ù¼Ò ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô ¾àÀ» º¹¿ëÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ¾î¿ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. Á¤È®ÇÑ ¿¹ÃøÀº ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

DNA°¡ 1,270 ÀÌÀü¿¡´Â ¾ó¸¶¿´´ÂÁöµµ È®ÀÎÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ï, ÀüüÀû ÃßÀ̸¦ º¸½Ã°í ¾àÀ» ¾È ¸Ô´ø ȯÀÚ¿´´ÂÁö, ¾àÀ» ¸Ô´Ù°¡ ÀӽŶ§¹®¿¡ Áß´ÜÇÏ¿´´ÂÁö, ÃÊÀ½ÆÄ¿¡¼­´Â °£ »óÅ´ ¾î¶²Áö µîÀ» Á¾ÇÕÇÏ¿© ÆÇ´ÜÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.


[References]

1) EsoTODAY - Esophageal diseases

2) SmallTODAY - Small bowel diseases

3) ColonTODAY - Colorectal diseases

4) Dr. Sinn's LiverTODAY - Liver diseases

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