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[ESD ÈÄ ÀÌÂ÷ ³»½Ã°æ. Second look endoscopy (SLE) after ESD]

ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¼ÒÈ­¼º±Ë¾ç ÃâÇ÷ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ Ä¡·á³»½Ã°æ ÈÄ second-look endoscopy´Â º° Àǹ̰¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. 2011³â 12¿ù 6ÀÏ EndoTODAY¿¡¼­ »ó¼¼È÷ ³íÀÇÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é EMR/ESD ÈÄ ¹ß»ýÇÑ artificial ulcer¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¾î¶°ÇÒ±î¿ä? ±¹³»¿Ü ¸¹Àº ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÀÏ°üµÈ °á°ú´Â "EMR/ESDÈÄ second-look endoscopy´Â ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù"´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


1. World Journal of GastroenterologyÀÇ 2012³â 1¿ù editorial¿¡ °ü·Ã ³»¿ëÀÌ Àß Á¤¸®µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇØ´ç ºÎºÐÀ» ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.

"According to Goto et al, for artificial ulcers, no significant difference in the incidence of delayed bleeding before and after second-look endoscopy was found. This suggests that delayed bleeding after ESD, irrespective of whether second-look endoscopy is performed, may develop." ¿©±â±îÁö´Â Àúµµ °°Àº »ý°¢ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

±×·¯³ª À̾îÁö´Â ´ÙÀ½ ¹®Àå¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â µ¿ÀÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. "However, for artificial ulcers located in the lower third of the stomach, compared to ulcers located in the upper and middle third of the stomach, because delayed bleeding occurs earlier, careful follow-up observation or early second-look endoscopy may be useful." ESD ÈÄ º´¼ÒÀÇ À§Ä¡¿¡ µû¶ó ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ °ü¸®°¡ ´Þ¶ó¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °æÇèµµ ¾ø°í, °ü·Ã ¹®ÇåÀ» º» Àûµµ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.


2. Visible vessle in second look endoscopy after ESD (¼­¿ï¾Æ»êº´¿ø. 2015)

¾Æ»êº´¿ø Ãֱ⵷ ¼±»ý´ÔÀÇ Èï¹Ì·Î¿î ¿¬±¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Na S. Dis Dig Sci 2015). ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº ESD ÀÌƲ ÈÄ second look endoscopy¸¦ ÇÏ¿´°í active bleedingÀº ÁöÇ÷¼úÀ» ÇÏ¿´Áö¸¸ visible vesselÀº °æ°ú°üÂûÀ» ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Forrest IIa (uncontrolled visible vessel), IIb (adherent clot), III ȯÀÚÀÇ ÃâÇ÷·ü¿¡ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Delayed bleeding occurred in 92 of 706 lesions (13.0 %) in 88 of our 656 patients (13.4 %). Of these patients, early delayed bleeding, which occurred within 48 h, was found in 63 lesions (8.9 %) of 60 patients (9.1 %) and late delayed bleeding, which occurred within 1 month after the procedure, occurred in 29 lesions (4.1 %) of 28 patients (4.3 %) .

There was no significant difference in the late delayed bleeding rate between the three Forrest II or III groups [uncontrolled Forrest IIa, 2/60 (3.2 %); Forrest IIb, 5/119 (4.2 %); Forrest IIc and III, 22/462 (4.8 %); total, 29/643 (4.5 %); P = 1.000].

ÀúÀÚµéÀº ESD ÈÄ second look endoscopy¿¡¼­ °üÂûµÇ´Â visible vessel¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ³»½Ã°æÄ¡·á¸¦ ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾øÀ» °Í °°´Ù´Â °á·ÐÀ» ³»·È½À´Ï´Ù (The preventive coagulation of nonbleeding visible vessels in second-look endoscopy after gastric ESD may contribute little to the prevention of late delayed bleeding). ¸¹Àº °ÍÀ» »ý°¢ÄÉÇÏ´Â °á·ÐÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÈ­¼º±Ë¾ç ÃâÇ÷ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ visible vesselÀÌ º¸À̸é ÀçÃâÇ÷·üÀÌ 50%À̹ǷΠ³»½Ã°æÁöÇ÷¼úÀ» Çϵµ·Ï ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ESD ÈÄ second look endoscopy¿¡¼­ º¸ÀÌ´Â visible vesselÀº ³»½Ã°æ Ä¡·á°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¹«½¼ Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖÀ»±î¿ä?

Visible vesselÀ̶ó°í ´Ù °°Àº °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ¼ÒÈ­¼º±Ë¾ç ÃâÇ÷ ȯÀÚÀÇ visible vesselÀº ÀÏ´Ü ÃâÇ÷ÇÑ ÈÄ Àá½Ã ¸ÜÀº ºÎÀ§ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ESD ÈÄ second look endoscopyÀÇ visible vesselÀº ¾ÆÁ÷ Çѹøµµ ÃâÇ÷ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ºÎÀ§ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºñ½ÁÇغ¸¿©µµ ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ °ÍÀÌÁö¿ä. Àü°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¿ëÀÇÀÚ¿Í ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀº ¿ëÀÇÀÚ Á¤µµÀÇ Â÷À̶ó°í³ª ÇÒ±î¿ä.

À̹ø °á°úµµ ESD ÈÄ routine second look endoscopy°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â ÇöÀçÀÇ consensus¸¦ ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â ÀÚ·á·Î º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾îÂ¥ÇÇ active bleedingÀÌ¾ß ³»½Ã°æÄ¡·á¸¦ ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ï ³í¿Ü·Î Ä¡°í, visible vesselÀ̳ª adherent clotÀ» Ä¡·áÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é second look endoscopy¸¦ ÇÒ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

¸ÚÁø ¿¬±¸ ÃàÇÏÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (2015-10-4. ÀÌÁØÇà)


SAFE trial (µ¿°æ´ëÇб³. 2015)

µ¿°æ´ëÇÐÀÇ Satoshi Mochizuki°¡ Á¦1ÀúÀÚÀÌ°í °°Àº ´ëÇÐÀÇ Mitsuhiro Fujishiro°¡ ±³½ÅÀúÀÚÀÎ Scheduled second-look endoscopy is not recommended after endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric neoplasms (the SAFE trial): a multicentre prospective randomised controlled non-inferiority trial (Mochizuki S. Gut 2015)À» ESD ½Ã¼úÀÚ ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­ Àо¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

1) ÃâÇ÷ÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù (Clinical symptoms were defined as haematemesis, melaena or a decrease in haemoglobin of >2 g/dL). À̹ø ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ Second look endoscopy À¯¹«°ú »ó°ü¾øÀÌ post-ESD bleedingÀº 5% Á¤µµ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¼öÁØÀº ÇÑÀÏÀÇ major center¿¡¼­ º¸ÀÌ´Â Æò±Õ Á¤µµÀÇ ÃâÇ÷·üÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

2) Èï¹Ì·Î¿î °ÍÀº post-ESD day 1 ÀÌÈÄÀÇ ÃâÇ÷, ƯÈ÷ day 5 ÀÌÈÄÀÇ ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ Á¾Á¾ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Åë°èÀû À¯ÀǼºÀº ¾ø¾úÀ¸³ª second look endoscopy ±×·ì¿¡¼­ day 5 ÀÌÈÄÀÇ ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ¸¹¾Ò´Ù´Â Á¡Àº ƯÀÌÇÑ Á¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ¸¶ Àǹ̰¡ ÀÖÀ» µí ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Second look endoscopy¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© Áß°£¿¡ »ì¦ prophylatic treatment¸¦ Çϸé ÃâÇ÷Àº ¸·Áö ¸øÇÏ°í ´ÜÁö ´ÊÃß´Â È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¸ð¸£°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. °¡Àå ´Ê°Ô ÃâÇ÷ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ESD 14ÀÏ ÈÄ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

3) Second look endoscopy¸¦ ÇÏ°í prophylatic hemostasis¸¦ ÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡¼­µµ ÃâÇ÷À» ÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Âü Çã¸ÁÇÑ ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿Â°® ³ë·ÂÀ» Çߴµ¥ º° È¿°ú¸¦ ¸ø º» °ÍÀ̴ϱî¿ä.

4) ´Ù¸¥ ÇÕº´ÁõÀ¸·Î ¹ß¿­°ú º¹ÅëÀÌ ¾ð±ÞµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®°¡ Á¾Á¾ ¹«½ÃÇÏÁö¸¸ º¹Åëµµ ÇÕº´ÁõÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Delayed perfoationÀÌ 1¿¹ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Âü ¹«¼­¿î ÇÕº´ÁõÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

* Âü°í : EndoTODAY SAFE trial


4. Clinical impact of second-look endoscopy after ESD (ÀÎÁ¦´ëÇб³, °í½Å´ëÇб³. 2016)

ÀÎÁ¦´ë¿Í °í½Å´ë°¡ Çù·ÂÇÏ¿© ESD ÈÄ second-look endoscopyÀÇ Àǹ̸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù (Jee SR. EJGH 2016). ÀüüÀûÀ¸·Î negative studyÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Áï routineÇÏ°Ô second-look endoscopy¸¦ ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ÀÈ÷·Á second-look endoscopy¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ÃâÇ÷·üÀÌ ³ô¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ÀúÀÚµéÀº second-look endoscopy ÀÚü°¡ ÃâÇ÷À» ÀÏÀ¸Å³ À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡À» ÁöÀûÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î µ¿ÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °Ë»ç´Â ºÎÀÛ¿ë, ÇÕº´Áõ¸¸ ÀÏÀ¸Å³ »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


5. Role of second look endoscopy after gastric ESD (ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³. 2016)

ESD ÈÄ ÀÌÂ÷ ³»½Ã°æ (second look endoscopy, SLE)ÀÇ À¯¿ë¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ºÐ¼®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Kim SJ. World J Gastrointest Endoc 2016 - Epub). ¾Æ·¡ Ç¥¿Í °°ÀÌ ESD ÈÄ ÀÌÂ÷ ³»½Ã°æÀÇ À¯¿ë¼ºÀ» °ËÁõÇÑ ¸ðµç ³í¹®Àº negative date¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

À̹ø ¹®Çå¿¡´Â °íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÎ ÀÌÂ÷ ³»½Ã°æÀº µµ¿òµÉÁö ¸ð¸¥´Ù´Â ¾ð±ÞÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù ("SLE might be an important tool for the prevention of the delayed bleeding in selected high-risk patients"). ±×·¯³ª Àú´Â ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ¾ð±ÞÀ» ½Å·ÚÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ±âÁ¸ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ÀÌÂ÷ ³»½Ã°æÀÇ È¿°ú°¡ ¿¹¿Ü¾øÀÌ ºÎÁ¤µÇ¾ú°í, ÃâÇ÷ ÀÚüÀÇ ºóµµ°¡ ³·°í, ÀÔ¿ø ȯÀÚÀÇ ÃâÇ÷Àº Àß °ü¸®µÉ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

'ÀÌÂ÷ ³»½Ã°æÀÌ °íÀ§Çè ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ ¼±ÅÃÀûÀ¸·Î µµ¿òµÉÁö ¸ð¸¥´Ù'´Â ÀÇ°ßÀº º»¹®¿¡ Á¶½É½º·´°Ô ¾ð±ÞµÇ¸é ¸ð¸¦±î ÇÙ½ÉÀûÀÎ °á·Ð("core tip")À¸·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¸é °ï¶õÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. µ¥ÀÌŸ°¡ negative¸é ±×³É negative·Î ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ¸é ¾î¶³±î¿ä? ÀúÀÇ °á·ÐÀº ÀÌ·¸½À´Ï´Ù. "ESD ÈÄ second look endoscopyÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀº ÀÔÁõµÈ ¹Ù ¾ø´Ù. Áö±Ý±îÁö ¸ðµç ¿¬±¸´Â negative °á·ÐÀÌ´Ù."


6. ESD ÈÄ ÃâÇ÷ÀÇ À§ÇèÀÎÀÚ ¸ÞŸºÐ¼®

ESD ÈÄ ÃâÇ÷ À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃÖ±Ù ¸ÞŸºÐ¼®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Libanio D. Gastrointest Endosc 2016). "Procedure duration >60 minutes (OR 2.05) and the use of histamine-2 receptor antagonists instead of proton pump inhibitors (OR 2.13) were the procedural factors associated with PPB (post-procedure bleeding), whereas endoscopist experience and pre-procedural proton pump inhibitors were not. Second-look endoscopy was not associated with decreased PPB (OR 1.34; 95% CI, 0.85-2.12)."

±×¸²¿¡¼­ Á¦½ÃµÈ ¿©·¯ ÀÎÀÚ Áß ½Ã¼úÀÚ°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ´Ü ÇÑ°¡Áö¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ESD ÈÄ H2RA ´ë½Å PPI¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌÁö¿ä. Second look endoscopy´Â À̹ø ºÐ¼®¿¡¼­µµ À¯¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀ¸·Î ´Ù½Ã È®ÀεǾú½À´Ï´Ù.


[Âü°íÀÚ·á]

1) 2015-10-15 ³»½Ã°æÇÐȸ ±³À°ÀÚ·á (ÀÌÂ÷ ³»½Ã°æÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÑ°¡?)

2) EndoTODAY SAFE trial

© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.