EndoTODAY | EndoATLAS | OPD

Parasite | Eso | Sto | Cancer | ESD

Boxim | DEX | Sono | Schedule

Home | Recent | Blog | Links

EndoTODAY ³»½Ã°æ ±³½Ç


[Achalasia & POEM. ½ÄµµÀ̿ϺҴÉÁõ] - ðû

1. Symptoms - (1) GERD·Î ¿ÀÀ뵃 ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. (2) High index of suspicionÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

2. Endoscopic diagnosis of achalasia

3. Manometric and other diagnostic tools of achalasia

4. Structures of EGJ

5. Lectures on POEM

6. POEM training

7. Cases

8. FAQs

9. References


1. Achalasia ÀÇ Áõ»ó - (1) GERD·Î ¿ÀÀ뵃 ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. (2) High index of suspicionÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

¼úÀÚ¸®¿¡¼­ Å« ¹è¿òÀ» ¾ò±âµµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 2014³â 12¿ù 5ÀÏ ´ëÇÑ»óºÎÀ§Àå°üÇ︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍ Ãß°èÇмú´ëȸ ÈÄ Àú³á½Ä»ç¸¦ Çϸ鼭 ÇÑ ±³¼ö´Ô°ú ÀÌ·± Àú·± À̾߱⸦ ³ª´©¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð ºÐÀ§±â¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ¾à°£ÀÇ ¼úµµ ºüÁú ¼ö ¾ø¾úÁö¿ä. ¼±»ý´Ô²²¼­´Â ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ °æÇèÇÑ ±³ÈÆÀûÀÎ Áõ·Ê¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇØ Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù.

¼±»ý´ÔÀº "achalasia°¡ GERD·Î ¿ÀÀ뵃 ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù"´Â Á¡À» °­Á¶Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. ÇÑ º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ¿À·£ ±â°£ refractory GERD·Î Áø´ÜÀ¸·Î ¸Å¿ì ¸¹Àº °Ë»ç¿Í Àå±â°£ÀÇ Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹Þ¾ÒÁö¸¸ È£ÀüÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´ø ȯÀÚ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¿¬È÷ esophagography¸¦ Âï¾ú´Âµ¥ ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ bird beakÀÇ achalasia ¼Ò°ßÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ´Â dysphagia¸¦ È£¼ÒÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Âµ¥µµ esophagography´Â ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ achalasia ¼Ò°ßÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. POEM(peroral endoscopic myotomy)À¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÏ¿´°í refractory GERD·Î ¿ÀÀεǾú´ø Áõ»óÀÌ ¿Ïº®È÷ ÁÁ¾ÆÁ³½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ø·¡ dysphagia¸¦ È£¼ÒÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø ȯÀÚ°¡ POEMÀ» ¹Þ°í ³­ ÈÄ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °ú°Å Áõ»óÀÌ dysphagia¿´À½À» µÚ´Ê°Ô ±ú´Þ¾Ò´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.^^ "¾Æ~~~ À½½ÄÀÌ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ½±°Ô ³Ñ¾î°¥ ¼öµµ ÀÖ±º¿ä..."

Àü°øÀǵéÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ º¸´Â UpToDate¿¡ ÀÌ·± ¾ð±ÞÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Patients with achalasia may develop heartburn as a result of fermentation of retained food in the esophagus. (¸µÅ©)

Achalasia has an insidious onset and disease progression is gradual. Patients typically experience symptoms for years prior to seeking medical attention. In one series of 87 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed achalasia, the mean duration of symptoms was 4.7 years prior to the diagnosis. The delay in diagnosis was mainly due to misinterpretation of typical clinical features rather than atypical findings. Many patients are treated for other disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease before the diagnosis of achalasia is made. (¸µÅ©)

¾à°£ ¿À·¡µÈ ³í¹®ÀÌÁö¸¸ GutÁö¿¡ ½Ç¸° Scotland ÀÚ·á¿¡¼­µµ achalasia ȯÀÚ°¡ Àå±â°£ GERD·Î ¿ÀÀεǾî Ä¡·á¹Þ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù (Howard 1992)

With the increasing availability of manometry, patients with achalasia are often referred at an early stage when they lack the classic features of established disease. A prospective five year study of the presenting features of untreated achalasia referred to our department was undertaken. Twenty men and 18 women presented throughout adult life, with a mean age at the time of diagnosis of 44 years (range 17 to 76 years). The presenting symptoms were dysphagia: for solids (100%) and for liquids (97%), chest pain (74%), and weight loss (60%). Endoscopy was reported as normal in 15 patients and achalasia was suggested in only 21 of 33 barium examinations. Fourteen had been treated for gastrooesophageal reflux but none had been misdiagnosed as having cardiac or psychiatric disease. The annual incidence of achalasia in the Lothian region is 0.8/100,000 of population. Persistent dysphagia is the cardinal symptom of achalasia which presents throughout adult life. Nevertheless, recent onset achalasia is often misdiagnosed as gastrooesophageal reflux disease. Because endoscopy is frequently normal and the diagnosis is often not made by radiology, manometric investigation is necessary if the condition is to be recognised and treated at an early stage.

Á¦°¡ refractory GERD¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °­ÀÇ¿¡¼­ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇϴ ǥÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Motility disease°¡ Áß¿äÇÏ°Ô ¾ð±ÞÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ƯÈ÷ achalasia°¡ refractory GERDÀÇ °¨º°Áø´Ü¿¡ µé¾î°£´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. GERD¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¿ª·ù¿Í achalasia¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¿ª·ù´Â Á¶±Ý ´Ù¸¨´Ï´Ù. AchalasiaÀÇ °æ¿ì ȯÀÚ ½º½º·Î´Â ´Ù ¸Ô¾ú´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏÁö¸¸ ´Ã¾î³­ ½Äµµ¿¡ À½½ÄÀÌ Á¤Ã¼µÈ »óÅÂÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ°¡ ¹ã¿¡ ´©¿ì¸é ¹°¿¡ ºüÁø °Í °°Àº ´À³¦ÀÇ ¿ª·ù°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð ½ÉÇÑ achalasiaÀÇ °æ¿ìÀÌÁö¸¸.

ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ achalasia·Î POEM Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ¿©ÀÚ È¯ÀÚÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ °ú°Å·ÂÀ» º¸¸é ¿ª·ù¼º ½Äµµ¿°À¸·Î Áø´Ü¹Þ°í Ä¡·á¹ÞÀº º´·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð È¿°ú´Â ¾ø¾ú°ÚÁö¿ä.

AchalasiaÀÇ Áø´Ü¿¡´Â ¿©·¯ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ ÀÇ½ÉµÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖ°í º¹ÀâÇÑ ¿îµ¿±â´É°Ë»ç¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª esophagography°¡ ½±°í Á÷°üÀûÀÌ°í °­·ÂÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Refractory GERD ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ achalasia¸¦ ¹èÁ¦Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© esophagography¸¦ Çغ¸¸é ¾î¶³±î¿ä? FancyÇÏ°í Èûµç °Ë»ç¿¡ ¾Õ¼­ ¿À·¡µÇ°í Åõ¹ÚÇÏÁö¸¸ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ À¯¿ëÇÑ esophagography¸¦ ‚®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


2. Endoscopic findings of achalasia

Endoscopy is usually the first examination for various upper GI symptoms. Symptoms of achalasia may be vague, especially for the first couple of years. If achalasia is endoscopically suspected based on following findings, it really helps the patients.

Endoscopic findings of achalasia
  • Dilation of the esophagus. Dilated esophagus may droop to both sides of the spine. Severely dilated esophagus can be curved.
  • Food remnant in the esophagus. A lot of fluid can be found.
  • Whitish coating of the mucosa caused by adhesion of the remained food inside of the esophagus and thickening of the mucosa.
  • Esophago-gastric junction is normal or slightly tight. There is no evidence of sliding hiatal hernia. The SCJ does not move upward by deep inspiration. Endoscope passes through the tight segment with some resistance.
  • Rosette-like esophageal folds
  • Abnormal contraction of the esophagus. Sometimes, simultaneous contraction is seen.
  • In retroflection, the endoscope is tightly wrapped by the cardia mucosa.
  • Pinstripe pattern (PSP)

½Äµµ°¡ Å©°Ô È®ÀåµÇ¾î »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î spineÀÌ Æ¢¾î³ª¿Í º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. "Dilated esophagus may droop to both sides of the spine."¶ó°í Ç¥ÇöµÇ´Â Çö»óÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Chest CT Âï´Ù°¡ ¿ì¿¬È÷ ¹ß°ß. ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ¹®ÁøÇغ¸´Ï dysphagia°¡ ¿À·¡ ÀüºÎÅÍ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÔ.

Achalasia°¡ ³Ê¹« ½ÉÇÏ¿© ±âµµ¸¦ ´­·¯ È£ÈíºÎÀü ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© intubation±îÁö ½ÃÇà

À½½Ä¹°À» »ó´çºÎºÐ Á¦°ÅÇÑ ÈÄ ³»½Ã°æÀ» ÇÏ¿´À» ¶§ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ½Äµµ¿¡ À½½Ä¹°ÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ°í ½Äµµ°¡ ¸Å¿ì È®ÀåµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç GE junctionÀº ¾à°£ tightÇÏ¿´À½. ½Äµµ°¡ Å©°Ô curved µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ½.

Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ À§¾× ¿ª·ù·Î ³»¿øÇϽŠºÐÀÔ´Ï´Ù. GE juction Åë°ú¿¡ ±×¸® ÀúÇ×°¨Àº ¾ø¾úÀ¸³ª ´À³¦»ó~~ ½ÄµµÃ¼ºÎ°¡ ³Ð¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Â ¾ç»óÀÌ¸ç ½Äµµ¿¡ °¡¼ÒÄÝ µîÀÇ ¾×ü°¡ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

5³â°£ ¾ðÄ£ Áõ¼¼°¡ ÀÖ¾ú°í Á¡Â÷ üÁßÀÌ ºüÁ³´ø ºÐÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °ú°Å ³»½Ã°æ ÈÄ ¿ª·ù¼º ½Äµµ¿°À¸·Î µéÀº ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ³»½Ã°æ »çÁøÀ» ÀÚ¼¼È÷ º¸¸é EG junctionÀÌ tight ÇÏ°í ÇϺνĵµ°¡ ´Ã¾î³­ ¸ð¾çÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ½Äµµ Áõ»óÀÌ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡¼­ ÀÌ Á¤µµ ¼Ò°ßÀÌ º¸À̸é achalasia¸¦ ÀǽÉÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Type II achalasia¿´À¸¸ç POEMÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÏ¿´°í ÇöÀúÇÑ Áõ¼¼ÀÇ È£ÀüÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÀ½

40´ë ¿©ÀÚ. ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­´Â º°´Ù¸¥ clue¸¦ ãÁö ¸øÇßÀ¸³ª ¿ì¿¬È÷ ½ÃÇàÇÑ PET¿¡¼­ ½Äµµ°¡ ´Ã¾î³ª ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿© µÚ´Ê°Ô achalasia·Î Áø´ÜµÇ¾úÀ½. ³»½Ã°æ »çÁøÀ» ´Ù½Ã º¸¸é achalasia¸¦ ÀǽÉÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â »óȲÀÓ. (2017)

40¼¼ ¿©¼º (2017)

Hiatal hernia¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÑ achalasia


Achalasia°¡ ½ÉÇÏ¿© ȯÀÚ°¡ »ç¸ÁÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 80´ë ¿©¼ºÀ¸·Î aspiration pneumonia·Î ÀÔ¿øÇϼ̴µ¥ ¸Å¿ì ½ÉÇÑ achalasia°¡ È®ÀεǾú½À´Ï´Ù. Aspiration pneumonia´Â ÁÁ¾ÆÁ³Áö¸¸ ÁßȯÀڽǿ¡¼­ ÀΰøÈ£Èí±â°ü·Ã Æó·ÅÀÌ »õ·Î »ý°Ü »ç¸ÁÇÑ ¿¹ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. (2018³â)

À½½Ä¹°À» Á¦°ÅÇÏ°í °üÂûÇÑ ¼Ò°ß


ÀϺ» ³ª°¡»ç³¢ ´ëÇÐÀÇ Minami µîÀÇ 2015³â ³í¹®¿¡¼­ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù (Minami. PLos One. 2015)). Minami µîÀº °ú°ÅºÎÅÍ ¾Ë·ÁÁø ½ÄµµÀ̿ϺҴÉÁõÀÇ ³»½Ã°æ ¼Ò°ßÀ» ÀçÆò°¡Çϸ鼭 "Pinstripe Pattern"À̶ó°í ¸í¸íÇÑ '°¡´Ã°í ±ä longitudinal wrinkcle'À» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. POEMÀ» Çϸé pinstripe patternÀÌ ¾ø¾îÁø´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Pinstripe patternÀÇ kappa °ªÀº 0.61·Î food/liquid remnant ¼Ò°ßÀÇ 0.69 ¿Í ºñ½ÁÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

Typical findings of primary esophageal achalasia. (a) Dilation of the esophagus. Dilated esophagus drooped to both sides of the spine. (b) Food remnant in the esophagus. (c) Whitish coating of the mucosa caused by adhesion of the remained food inside of the esophagus and thickening of the mucosa. (d) Functional stenosis of the esophago-gastric junction. Endoscope passes through the tight segment with some resistance. (e) Abnormal contraction of the esophagus. Simultaneous contraction is clearly observed.

Pinstripe pattern (PSP). (a) Minute superficial wrinkle was observed on the mucosal surface. (b) Indigocarmine spraying made the superficial structure clearer. (c) Magnifying observation after indigocarmine spraying. Slight gap was observed between each longitudinal line. (d) NBI Image with magnification. The gap observed by magnifying chromoendoscopy was also identified via NBI magnification. Each superficial microvessel was substantially transparent at the gaps between stripes.


Showa ´ëÇÐÀÇ Gomi µîÀº Champagne glass signÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù (Gomi K. Digest Endosc 2016). "CG-0 was seen in 73 patients (28.0%), whereas the CGsign was seen in 186 patients (71.3%), of whom 170 (65.1%) wereCG-1 and 16 (6.1%) were CG-2."

Different types of champagne glass (CG) sign. LESRF, lower esophageal sphincter relaxation failure; SCJ, squamocolumnarjunction.


3. Manometric and other diagnostic tools of achalasia

Achalasia¸¦ Æò°¡ÇÏ´Â fancyÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ¸¹Áö¸¸ ´Ù¼Ò ÀüÅëÀûÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â barium swallow¸¦ ¾à°£ º¯ÇüÇÑ timed barium swallow¹ýÀÌ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ À¯¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Pneumatic dilation°ú Heller myotomy¸¦ ºñ±³ÇÑ ¾Æ·¡ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­µµ ÁÖ¿ä °á°úÁöÇ¥ÀÇ Çϳª·Î »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Chicago version 3.0 PDF 2.9M

PPT PDF 2.6M ³»ºÎ¿ë (¾ÏÈ£ ÀÖÀ½)


4. Structures of EGJ

[Microvasculature of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction] (World J Gastrointest Endosc 2016) - PDF

Mucosal vessels. A and C: Endoscopic images during per-oral endoscopic myotomy procedure (high magnification images); after unintentional removal of the epithelium (white layer), top half of epithelium was peeled off, and IPCLs were exposed. IPCLs appear as regularly-arranged, red dots (A: White light) or dark green spots (C: NBI); B: A schematic representation of the vascular network of esophageal mucosa: a: Branching vessels; b: SECN (Sub-epithelial capillary network); c: IPCL (Intrapapillary capillary loop)

A: Perforating vessels from the outer esophagus to the submucosal vessel; image captured during tunnelization in POEM (bottom side muscle layer, left side submucosal lifting); B: Submucosal drainage vessel (mucosal layer lifted on during ESD). These veins can become esophageal varices in portal hypertension; C: Submucosal vessels connecting the drainage veins to the mucosal branching vessels (in the lamina propria); D: Spindle veins immediately below the GEJ (in left side of the image, in blue, the submucosa and in the right side the muscle); E and F: branching vessels (seen from inside the submucosal tunnel). G: palisade vessels.

High magnifying narrow band imaging image of normal esophageal mucosa (luminal side). A: Soft pressure of the endoscope distal attachment (¡°hood¡±) onto the mucosal surface demonstrates SECN, hard pressure onto the mucosa compresses horizontal vessels, allowing clear observation of IPCLs; B: In the circle the SECN located at the top layer of lamina propria mucosae, just beneath the epithelium. The black arrows indicate the branching vessels into the lower lamina propria; white arrows indicate the IPCL located in the epithelial papilla, which is a projection of lamina propria mucosae into the epithelium.

The figure shows the histology of a non-pathologic esophageal specimen. The vessels¡¯ wall has been colored by CD34, showing superficially the IPCLs (upper part of the lamina propria, arising the epithelium) and the SECN; deeply in the lamina propria the branching vessels. In the sumucosal layer also the drainage veins are evident. The table summarizes the vascular system observed and its own esophageal layer according to the different endoscopic procedure performed.

In the center a scheme of the submucosal view at the gastro-esophageal junction during per-oral endoscopic myotomy. At the muscle side (left endoscopic image) the spindle vein are clearly visible; at the mucosal side (seen on its backside, right endoscopic image) the palisade vessel are recognized. High magnification images.


[Intrinsic components]

Basic Medical Key - Anatomy of esophagus

Semicircular claps fibers centered along the lesser curve (3 o'clock)

Oblique slin fibers centered along the posterolateral wall (7 o'clock) wraing around the anterioa (11 o'clock) and posterior (5 o'clock) walls.


[Extrinsic components]

Crural diaphragm & phrenoesophageal ligament that fasten the esophagus to the diaphragm


5. Lectures on POEM

1) 2014-12-7. The role of POEM (´ëÇÑ»óºÎÀ§Àå°üÇ︮ÄÚ¹ÚÅÍÇÐȸ Ãß°èÇмú´ëȸ Ư°­. ¾Æ»êº´¿ø Á¤ÈÆ¿ë)


Related image from the Internet

ÀϺ»ÀÇ Dr. Inoue°¡ °³¹ßÇÑ POEM (peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia)´Â achalasia¿¡¼­ Á¡Â÷ ¸¹ÀÌ Àû¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 2010³â EndoscopyÁö¿¡ ½Ç¸° Dr. Inoue ³í¹®ÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀοëµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Dr. Inoue´Â ¾à 300¿¹ Á¤µµÀÇ °æÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áß±¹ »óÇÏÀÌÀÇ PH. Zhou ¹Ú»ç´Â 2000°³ ÀÌ»óÀ», ÀεµÀÇ A. Maydeo ¼±»ý´ÔÀº 600°³ ÀÌ»óÀ» °æÇèÇß´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ¼±»ý´ÔÀº Learning curve°¡ 20°³ Á¤µµ´Â µÇ´Â °Í °°´Ù°í ÇϽʴϴÙ.

Classic achalasiaÀÌ°í ½Äµµ üºÎ¿¡ ÀÌ»óÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é ª°Ô Àß¶óµµ µÇÁö¸¸ ½Äµµ üºÎ¿¡ spasmÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ±×º¸´Ù »óºÎ¿¡¼­ºÎÅÍ LES ÇϹæ±îÁö ±æ°Ô À߶óÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Inoue ´Â TT knife·Î ¿ì»ó¹æ¿¡¼­ ÁÂÇϹæÀ¸·Î 2½Ã ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ÀÚ¸£´Â °ÍÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇϴµ¥, Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ¼±»ý´ÔÀº hook knife¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¾Æ·¡¿¡¼­ À§·Î ÀÚ¸£´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼±È£ÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

POEM ÈÄ Áõ»óÀº ÇöÀúÈ÷ ÁÁ¾ÆÁöÁö¸¸ esophagographyÀÇ delayed emptying, manometryÀÇ ÀÌ»ó¼Ò°ß µîÀº Å©°Ô ÁÁ¾ÆÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. SubjectiveÇÑ ¼ºÀû°ú objectiveÇÑ ¼ºÀûÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ï ÁÖ°üÀûÀÎ Áõ»ó°³¼±À» Áß¿ä½ÃÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í »ý°¢µË´Ï´Ù.

AchalasiaÀε¥ POEMÀÌ ¾î·Á¿ü´ø ȯÀÚ°¡ ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀ¸·Î tracheobronchial remnant·Î Áø´ÜµÈ ¼Ò¾ÆȯÀÚ¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ¿© Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù. Congenital anomalyÀÇ ÇϳªÀε¥ segmental resectionÀ¸·Î Àß Ä¡·áµÇ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

°­»çÀÇ ¸»¾¸ Áß ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¾ð±ÞÀÌ °¡Àå ÀλóÀûÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

"1995³â Á¶±âÀ§¾Ï ³»½Ã°æÄ¡·á¸¦ óÀ½ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ ÈÄ È¯ÀÚ°¡ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â Á¤µµ¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© achalasia ȯÀÚ°¡ POEM ÈÄ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â Á¤µµ°¡ 100¹è´Â µË´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­ Çѹø Ä¡·á ÈÄ »îÀÇ ÁúÀÌ °¡Àå ÁÁ¾ÆÁö´Â ½Ã¼úÀÌ POEMÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚµéÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ÁÁ¾ÆÇÕ´Ï´Ù."


2) 2015-5-8. Recent advances in the diagnosis of achalasia (¼º±Õ°üÀÇ´ë ÀÌÇõ)

Vigorous achalasiaÀÇ Ä¡·áÈ¿°ú´Â ¿¹ÃøÇϱ⠾î·Á¿ü½À´Ï´Ù. HeterogenousÇÑ groupÀ̾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. High resoluation manometry´Â vigorous achalasia¸¦ type II¿Í type III·Î ³ª´©¾îÁÝ´Ï´Ù. ½Äµµ üºÎÀÇ pressurizationÀÌ ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Â type II´Â ¿¹ÈÄ°¡ ÁÁÀº ÆíÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇϺνĵµÀÇ spasmÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â type III´Â ȯÀÚ ¼ö´Â ÀûÁö¸¸ ¿¹ÈÄ´Â °¡Àå ³ª»Û ÇüÅÂÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

NOTES·ÎºÎÅÍ °³¹ßµÈ submucosal tunnel techniqueÀº ´Ù¾çÇÏ°Ô ÁøÈ­ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×Áß °¡Àå ½Ç¿ëÈ­µÈ °ÍÀÌ POEMÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

POEMÀÇ °¡Àå ÃÖ±Ù °á°úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ºñ·Ï ȯÀÚ ¼ö´Â ÀûÁö¸¸ type III¿¡¼­µµ È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


3) POEM in China

2015³â 3¿ùÈ£ Gut and Liver¿¡ Áß±¹ÀÇ Quan-Lin Lin°ú Ping-Hong Zhou ¼±»ýÀÌ POEM¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Èï¹Ì·Î¿î ¸®ºä¸¦ ½Ç¾ú½À´Ï´Ù (Perspective on POEM for achalasia: Zhonshan experience).

POEM ½Ã¼úÀÇ °³³äÀº ¹Ì±¹ Åػ罺ÀÇ ½Ã°ñ GalvestonÀÇ Pasricha ¼±»ýÀÌ 2007³â µ¿¹°½ÇÇèÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù ¸µÅ©). ¹Ì±¹ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô Àû¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÁÖÀúÇÏ´Â »çÀÌ¿¡ ÀϺ»ÀÇ Inoue ¼±»ýÀÌ ¼ö½Ê¿¹¸¦ ¼º°ø½ÃÄÑ ¼¼»ó¿¡ ¾Ë·È½À´Ï´Ù (¸µÅ©). À̸¦ º» Áß±¹ÀÇ Quan-Lin Lin°ú Ping-Hong Zhou ¼±»ýÀÌ ´Ü±â°£¿¡ ¸Å¿ì ¸¹Àº ½Ã¼úÀ» ¼º°ø½ÃÄÑ ¼¼°è ÃÖ°í ´ë°¡°¡ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. À̹ø ¸®ºä¸¦ º¸¸é 1,300¿¹¸¦ Çß´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àü ¼¼°è POEMÀÇ Àý¹Ý ÀÌ»óÀ» ÇÑ ¼¾ÅÍ¿¡¼­ Çß´Ù°í ÀÚ¶ûÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ³î¶ó¿î ÀÎÇØÀü¼úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Áß±¹Àº ƯÁ¤ ½Ã¼úÀ» ƯÁ¤ Àǻ翡°Ô ¹Ð¾îÁÖ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±Ý¹æ n-°ªÀÌ ¼¼°è ÃÖ°í°¡ µË´Ï´Ù.

±×µéÀº (1) posterior wall incision, (2) full-thickness myotome, (3) a push-and-pull technique for myotome, (4) water-jet assisted POEMÀ̶ó´Â 4°¡ÁöÀÇ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ¹æ¹ý·ÐÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. À̸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ¸Å¿ì ºü¸¥ ¼Óµµ¸¦ ÀÚ¶ûÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¸î ¹ø ½Ã¼úÀ» º» ÀûÀÌ Àִµ¥ Á¤¸» ¼ø½Ä°£¿¡ ³¡³³´Ï´Ù. ¼÷·Ãµµ°¡ ¼¼°è ÃÖ°íÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À̹ø ¸®ºä¿¡¼­ Èï¹Ì·Î¿ü´ø ¹®Àå ¸î °³¸¦ ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù.

- Relative indication: other hypertensive motor disorders (diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, jackhammer esophagus)

- We routinely divide muscle fibers over a minimum length of 6 to 8 cm in the esophagus and at least 2 cm onto the cardia.

- Posterior myotomy in the 5- to 6-o¡¯clock position also achieves myotomy from the luminal side without disturbing the acute angle of His, which is located at the 8-o¡¯clock position: this is important to prevent reflux.

- A clear separation of circular (to be completely dissected) and longitudinal (to be left) muscular layers cannot be found any more at the EGJ and stomach.

- Full-thickness myotomy significantly reduced the procedure time but did not increase the procedure-related adverse events or clinical reflux complications.

- A Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is particularly effective for providing compressive hemostasis to staunch post-POEM bleeding.


4) Achalasia & POEM (2015³â 8¿ù 29ÀÏ ¿¬¼¼ motility symposium)

1) À±¿µÈÆ ¼±»ý´Ô °­ÀÇ Áß¿¡¼­


2) Hitomi Minami (Nagasaki University) ¼±»ý´Ô °­ÀÇ Áß¿¡¼­


5) 2015-10-31. Á¦1ȸ À§½Äµµ¿ª·ùÁúȯ¼ö¼ú¿¬±¸È¸ Çмú´ëȸ. POEM - ¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ Á¤Çö¼ö

Anterior vs Posterior myotomy
- Anterior myotomy: continuing toward the lesser curve of the stomach potentially avoides damage to the sling collar muscle, which is major component of the angle of His → to minimize post-procedure reflux (Angle of His°¡ À¯ÁöµÈ´Ù´Â ÀǹÌ)
- Posterior myotomy: better relief of dysphagia because of sling fibers but at the expense of mild reflux (Angle of His°¡ ¸Á°¡Áø´Ù´Â ÀǹÌ)

2015³â 8¿ù±îÁö ¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³(½ÅÃÌ+°­³²)¿¡¼­´Â POEM 22¿¹¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ºÀûÀº ¸Å¿ì ÁÁ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

Patel µîÀÌ ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °¡Àå ÃÖ±Ù±îÁöÀÇ ÀÚ·áÀÔ´Ï´Ù (Patel K. Dis Esophagus 2015). ´Ù ÁÁÀºµ¥ ÇÑ ¸íÀÌ Á×¾ú±º¿ä.

Minor operative adverse events included capno/pneumo-peritoneum (30.6%), capno/pneumo-thorax (11.0%) and subcutaneous emphysema (31.6%). Major operative adverse events included mediastinal leak (0.3%), postoperative bleeding (1.1%) and a single mortality (0.09%). There was an improvement in lower esophageal sphincter pressure and timed barium esophagram column height of 66% and 80% post-POEM, respectively. Symptom improvement was demonstrated with a pre- and post-POEM Eckardt score ¡¾ standard deviation of 6.8 ¡¾ 1.0 and 1.2 ¡¾ 0.6, respectively. Pre- and post-POEM endoscopy showed esophagitis in 0% and 19% of patients, respectively.


6) 2016-4-2. APNM2016. Options for achalasia (¿¬¼¼´ë À±¿µÈÆ)


[ÀÌÁØÇà ñÉ] Anterior approach¿Í posterior approach Áß ¾î´À ¹æÇâÀÌ ÁÁÀ»Áö ³í¶õÀÌ ¸¹¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. EndoscopyÁö 2020³â 4¿ù¿¡ ½Ç¸° meta-analysis(PMID: 31958861)ÀÇ °á·ÐÀ» ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù. "Anterior and posterior myotomy in POEM seem cparable to each other in terms of clinical success, GERD and adverse events. The total proceture time with posterior myotomy seems to be shorter than with anterior myotomy."

À±±³¼ö´ÔÀº myotomy À§Ä¡¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »ó¼¼È÷ ¼³¸íÇϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. 2½Ã ¹æÇâÀº sling fiber°¡ º¸Á¸µÇ¹Ç·Î POEM ÈÄ GERD°¡ ´ú ¹ß»ýÇÏ°í, 5½Ã ¹æÇâÀº sling fiber°¡ disruptµÇ¹Ç·Î EG junction relief°¡ ´õ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ½Ã¼úÀÚ°¡ 5½Ã ¹æÇâ(posterior approach)À» ¼±È£ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ȤÀÚ´Â 5½Ã ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ½Ã¼úÇÏ´õ¶óµµ Á¶½É½º·´°Ô ½Ã¼úÇϸé sling fiber¸¦ »ì¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æÀ» ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°Ô Àâ°í °¡Àå Á¢±ÙÇϱ⠽¬¿î °÷À» ÀÚ¸£¸é ±×°÷ÀÌ ´ë°­ 5½Ã ¹æÇâÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

ÀϺ»ÀÇ Dr. Inoueµµ °ú°Å¿¡´Â 2½Ã ¹æÇâÀ» ¼±È£ÇÏ´Ù°¡ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â 5½Ã ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ½Ã¼úÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Dr InoueÀÇ ÃÖ±Ù review¿¡¼­ ÇØ´ç ºÎºÐÀ» ¿Å±é´Ï´Ù (Bechara R, Inoue H. Gastrointest Endosc 2016 - Epub).

The techniques used to perform a selective myotomy vary depending on the position of the mucosal incision as well as endoscopic orientation. When the muscle layer is in the 12 o¡¯clock and the mucosa at 6 o¡¯clock position (generally for anterior myotomy), acute tip angulation is required to hook the circular muscle layer. In contrast, when the muscle is kept in the 6 o¡¯clock position (generally for posterior myotomy, which is our current practice), much less tip angulation is required and there is less "fling" of the knife.

Dr. Fass´Â ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­´Â POEM ÈÄ GERD°¡ ÈξÀ ÈçÇÏ°í, strictureµµ Á¾Á¾ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù°í ÄÚ¸àÆ® Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. .

Dr. Fass´Â EG junction outflow obstructionµµ POEMÀÇ ÀûÀÀÁõÀÌ µÇ´ÂÁö Áú¹®ÇÏ¿´°í, À±±³¼ö´ÔÀº possible future indicationÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¾ÆÁ÷ ±× ÁúȯÀ» Àß ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ°í botox·Î Ä¡·áµÇ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹¾Æ ¾ÆÁ÷ ½Ã¼úÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù°í ´äÇϼ̽À´Ï´Ù.


7) 2016-6-26. Achalasia and POEM symposium at IDEN2016

(1) Evaluation of achalasia (°í½Å´ëÇб³ ¹Ú¹«ÀÎ)

Achalasia´Â high resolution manometry ¼Ò°ßÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº subtypeÀ¸·Î ³ª´­ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ subgroup¿¡ µû¶ó Çö¹Ì°æ ¼Ò°ß¿¡ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áï achalasia´Â pathogenetically heterogeneous groupÀÏ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

FLIPÀ» GE junctionÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀε¥ Carlson DA µîÀº »õ·Î¿î ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© FLIP topography plot¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù (Carlson DA. Gastroenterology 2015).

* Âü°í: EndoTODAY FLIP


(2) Early experience of POEM in Korea (¼øõÇâ ´ëÇб³ È«¼öÁø)

È«¼öÁø ¼±»ý´ÔÀº 2012³â 8¿ù 8ÀÏ Ã¹ POEM ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. È«±³¼ö´ÔÀº ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â HybridKnife T type (ERBE, Germany)À» ÁÖ·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (ÀÌÁØÇà comment: °¡°ÝÀÌ ºñ½Ò °Í °°Àºµ¥...) Myotomy ¹æÇâÀº °ú°Å¿¡´Â 1-2½Ã¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´À¸³ª ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â 4-5½Ã¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

2016-4-2. APNM2016¿¡¼­ ¿¬¼¼´ë À±¿µÈÆ ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­ º¸¿©ÁֽŠ»çÁøÀ» Âü°íÇϼ¼¿ä.


(3) POEM in Japan (Hitomi Minami. Nagasaki University, Japan)

½Ã¼ú µµÁß bleedingÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¸é ½Ã¾ß¸¦ ÀÒÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. PneumoperitoneumÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¸é °ø±â¸¦ »© ÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î º¹ºÎ¸¦ ´Ã º¼ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù ("direct visualizaion).

Jackhammer esophagus ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ myotomyÀÇ ±æÀ̸¦ Á¤ÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »ó¼¼È÷ ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. LES functionÀ» ³²±æ °ÍÀ» ±ÇÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

Minor mucosal injury 2.8% (true perforationÀº ¾Æ´Ï°í touch¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ burning)

Minami ¼±»ý´ÔÀº 3 °³ÀÇ clinical questionsÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÇ°ßÀ» Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù.

3 clinical questions

(1) Does previous interventions affect feasibility and safety of POEM?

A. Severe fibrosis and anatomical change due to previous interventions could complicate the procedure. However, it is still feasible. (Onimaru M, Inoue H. J Am Coll Surg 2013;217:598-605, Vigneswaran Y. J Gastrointest Surg 2014)

(2) How long do we have to cut the muscle?

A. Still inconclusive. If the abnormal contraction of the esophageal body was only a secondary change, myotomy should not be too long in order to avoid dysfunction of the esophageal body.

(3) Which is better? Anterior? Posterior?

A. Longer observation with more cases is awaited. Multicenter RCT is now ongoing.

Á¶ÁÖ¿µ ÁÂÀå´Ô²²¼­´Â simultaneous bilateral POEM¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Áú¹®Çϼ̴µ¥ Minami ¼±»ý´ÔÀº ½Ã¼ú °æÇèÀº ¾ø´Ù°í ´äÇϼ̽À´Ï´Ù.


8) 2016-7-25 ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¿ù¿ä¼ÒÈ­±âÁý´ãȸ ¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´Ô °­ÀÇ

Pneumatic dilatationÀÇ ½Ã´ë´Â °¡°í POEMÀÇ ½Ã´ë°¡ ¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù.


9) 2016-11-4. JDDW POEM and beyond (Haruhiro Inoue)

Vigorous achalasia¿¡¼­´Â myotomy¸¦ ±æ°Ô ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Inoue ¼±»ý´ÔÀº 23 cm myotomy¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´ø Áõ·Ê¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¼ö¼ú·Î´Â ÀÌ·± ±ä myotomy¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±ä myotomy¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ³»½Ã°æ Ä¡·áÀÇ ÀåÁ¡ Áß ÇϳªÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Jackhammer esophagus¿¡¼­µµ ±ä myotomy°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áö±Ý±îÁö 1000¿©¸íÀÇ POEM Áß 5Áõ·ÊÀÇ Jackhammer esophagus°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Jackhammer esophagus¿¡¼­ body myotomy¿Í ÇÔ²² LES myotomy°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑÁö´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ ºÒ¸íÈ®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Inoue ¼±»ý´Ô ù Jackhammer esophagus ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ body myotomy¸¸ Çߴµ¥ 3³â ÈÄ achalasia°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© ´Ù½Ã POEMÀ» Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ±× ÀÌÈķδ body myotomy¿Í LES myotomy¸¦ ÇÔ²² ÇÏ°í Àִٴµ¥ GERD°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹®Á¦¶ó°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù .

Inoue ¼±»ý´ÔÀº two endoscopy method¸¦ ÀÚÁÖ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

POET (Peroral endoscopic tumor resection): aberrant pancreas in the esophagus Ä¡·á ¿¹¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¼ö°³¿ù¿¡ Çѹø ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀÎ Áõ»óÀÌ »ý±â´Â ȯÀÚ°í ½Äµµ¿¡ pancreatic duct openingÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. POEM°ú ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇß´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Inoue ¼±»ý´ÔÀº laparoscopic Heller myotomyÀÇ ÀûÀÀÁõÀº ´õ ÀÌ»ó ¾ø´Ù°í ¸»Çϸ鼭 historical ½Ã¼úÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù°í ¾ð±ÞÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

Anterior myotomyÀÇ À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¹®Á¦´Â ÀÌ ºÎÀ§¿¡ big perforating artery°¡ Àִ ȯÀÚ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Lateral myotomy´Â ÁÁÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ½ÄµµÀÇ lateral ¿µ¿ªÀº Æó¿Í ´ê´Â ºÎÀ§À̹ǷΠÀ½¾ÐÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© POEM ÈÄ Å« diverticulumÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


10) 2017-6-4. Third space endoscopy for submucosal tumor - from POEM to POET. Haruhiro Inoue (Showa U, Tokyo, Korea)

Diffuse esophageal spasm Áõ·Ê´Â LES myotomy¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í esophageal body¸¸ ±æ°Ô myotomy¸¦ ÇØ ÁÖ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Gastric POEM G-POEM´Â very simple procedureÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Entry site¿Í myotomy site°¡ ¸Å¿ì °¡±õ±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù (ÀÌ ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ¹°¾îº¸¾Ò´Âµ¥.... myotomyÀÇ ±æÀÌ°¡ 2cm·Î ª±â ¶§¹®¿¡ submucosal tunnelÀÌ Âª¾Æµµ µÇ°í ½Ã¼úÀÌ ¾î·ÆÁö ¾Ê´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù). Duodenal muscleÀº ¸Å¿ì thinÇÏ¿© ½ÊÀÌÁöÀå ±ÙÀ°Àº myotomy¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.

POET (peroral endoscopic tumor resection) - endoscopic submucosal tumorectomy¸¦ POEM ºñ½ÁÇÏ°Ô ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Full layer resection in the esophagus (ectopic pancreas°¡ repeated mediastinitis¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´ø °æ¿ì)¶ó´Â ³î¶ø°í ¹«¼­¿î ½Ã¼úÀ» ¼Ò°³Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù.

Preservation of the mucosa intact is the most important.

Hook knife¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ Áõ·Ê°¡ À־ Áú¹®À» Çߴµ¥¿ä... º¸ÅëÀº triangle knife¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö¸¸ ¸Å¿ì ±î´Ù·Î¿î °æ¿ì, fineÇÑ ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇؾßÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â hook knife¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

[ÀÌÁØÇà comment] IDEN 2017 Inoue ¼±»ý´Ô °­ÀǸ¦ µéÀ¸¸é¼­ ´õ¾øÀÌ ºÎ·¯¿ü½À´Ï´Ù. 2008³â 9¿ù 8ÀÏ ¿ÀÈÄ ¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ POEM ½Ã¼ú Àå¸éÀ» µ¿¿µ»óÀ¸·Î º¸¿©Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù. ÇöÀç technique°ú °ÅÀÇ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¹æ½ÄÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡ ¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ POEM ½Ã¼ú ȯÀÚ¸¦ 2017³â 5¿ù ´Ù½Ã ¸¸³ª ÇÔ²² ÂïÀº »çÁøÀ» ÀÚ¶û½º·´°Ô ¼Ò°³Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯´Ï±î ù ½Ã¼ú 8³â ÈÄ ´Ù½Ã ±× ȯÀÚ¸¦ ¸¸³ª »ÑµíÇØÇϼ̴ø Àå¸éÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àß ¸ÔÁö ¸øÇÏ´ø ȯÀÚ°¡ POEM ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ 20kg³ª ´Ã¾ú´Ù°í ÁÁ¾ÆÇß´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾ó¸¶³ª ºÎ·´½À´Ï±î. Á¤¸» ´ë´ÜÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

  ¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ POEM ½Ã¼ú Àå¸é

  ¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ POEM ½Ã¼ú ȯÀÚÀÇ ½Ã¼ú Àü ÈÄ Áõ»ó º¯È­¿Í Eckerdt score

  ¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ POEM ȯÀÚÀÇ ½Ã¼ú 8³â ÈÄ ¸ð½À


11) [2017-6-17. °­³²¼¼ºê¶õ½º motility symposium] New & Evolving techniques (ÁÂÀå: ÃÖ¸í±Ô, Á¤ÈÆ¿ë)

1) Endoscopic treatment for esophageal motor disorders. Young Hoon Youn (Yonsei Univ)

(1)Heller myotomy: Openº¸´Ù´Â laparoscopicÀÌ ÁÁ°í, thoracoscopicº¸´Ù laparoscopicÀÌ ÁÁ°í, full º¸´Ù partialÀÌ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù.

(2) POEM

[Á¤ÈÆ¿ë ÁÂÀå´Ô comment] Dysphagia·Î ¿À´Â non-achalasia spastic disease ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ circular muscle contractionÀÌ ÁÖµÈ Áõ»óÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÔ´Ï´Ù. IRP°¡ ³ô´Ù°í POEMÀ» ÇÏ¸é ´©¿ö¼­ ÀÚÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¿ì¼± PPI¸¦ ½á¼­ Áõ»ó È£Àü ¿©ºÎ¸¦ º¸´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.

[ÀÌÁØÇà Áú¹®] Non-achalasia spastic disorder¿¡¼­ body peristalsis¸¦ ÇÏ°í LES myotomy¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ÁÁÀ» °Í °°Àºµ¥... body¿Í LESÀÇ ¿¬°áºÎºÐÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ±¸ºÐÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?

[À±¿µÈÆ ±³¼ö´Ô ´äº¯] Incisor·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ °Å¸®·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾øÀ¸¸ç, °£È¤ obliqueÇÑ muscle fiber°¡ º¸À̸é LES¿¡ °¡±îÀÌ ¿Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


12) Á¦ 7ȸ NOTES ½ÉÆ÷Áö¾ö (2017-7-8)

(1) POEM for achalasia - ±èµµÈÆ (¼­¿ï¾Æ»êº´¿ø)

Learning curve

½Ã¼ú 1-5ÀÏ ÀüºÎÅÍ ÀÜÁ¸ À½½ÄÀ» ÃÖ¼ÒÈ­Çϱâ À§ÇÑ À½½Ä Á¶ÀýÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½Ã¼ú ÇÏ·ç Àü¿¡ ÀÔ¿øÇϴµ¥, ½Ã¼ú Àü³¯ ³»½Ã°æ °Ë»ç¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿© À§³» ÀÜÁ¸ À½½Ä¹° ¿©ºÎ¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÏ°í ÇÊ¿äÇϸé ÀÜÁ¸ À½½Ä¹°À» Á¦°ÅÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

½Ã¼ú Áغñ
AnesthesiaGeneral / positive pressure ventilation
Insufflation systemUCR CO2 insullator
Scope / attachmentWater jet function / Transparent cap
GeneratorVIO 300D (ERBE)
KnifeTT / IT / Hook / Hybrid
Injector needleInjector catheter with needle or spray tip
Injection fluidNormal saline glycerol, sodium hyarulonate, indigocarmine, epinephrine
ClosureEndoscopic clips

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015

ȯÀÚÀÇ ÀÚ¼¼
SupineLeft decubitus
³»½Ã°æ Àǻ翡°Ô Àͼ÷ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½
Èĺ®Ãø ¾×ü Àú·ù
Post. myotomy¿¡ ¿ëÀÌ
Mucosal flapÀ¸·Î ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ Àå·Â Àü´Þ
³»½Ã°æ ´Ù·ç±â ¿ëÀÌÇÔ
¿ìÃø, Èĺ®Ãø ¾×ü Àú·ù ¾øÀ½
Left brachial plexus ¼Õ»ó À§Çè ¾øÀ½
Sigmoid esophagusÀÎ °æ¿ì Áß·ÂÀÌ ´õ ½ÉÇÑ ¿¹°¢À» ¸¸µë
°£¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ GEJ ¾Ð¹Ú

Submucosal tunneling ¿ä·É°ú ÁÖÀÇÁ¡
Circular muscle fine fiber°¡ º¸ÀÏ Á¤µµ·Î ÃæºÐÈ÷ ±í°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
Circular muscle fiber ÁÖÇàÀÇ ¼öÁ÷ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ÅͳθµÀ» ÇØ¾ß Çϸç, sigmoid esophagusÀÇ °æ¿ì ´õ¿í ±×·¯ÇÏ´Ù.
Achalasia ±ÙÃþÀº Á¤»óº¸´Ù µÎ²¨¿ì¹Ç·Î ±ÙÃþ õ°øÀ» °Ì³»Áö ¸»ÀÚ.
Á¡¸·ÇÏ ÅͳΠ»ó¹ÙÀÇ Á¡¸· ¼Õ»ó¿¡ ÁÖÀÇÇÏÀÚ.
- Circular muscle¿¡ °¡Àå °¡±õ°Ô Àý°³ ¹Ú¸®¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù.
- ±ÙÃþÀÇ °æÇÑ ¿­¼Õ»óÀº °æ°ú¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡Áö ¾ÊÀ¸³ª, Á¡¸· ¼Õ»óÀº õ°øÀ» ¾ß±âÇÑ´Ù.
- ÅͳÎÀÇ Á¡¸·Ãø ÃâÇ÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁöÇ÷Àº ½ÅÁßÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
Á¡¸·ÇÏ ÅͳÎÀÇ À§ÀåÃø¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϸé, Ç÷°ü ¹Ðµµ¿Í Á÷°æÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÏ¿©, Å« Ç÷°ü¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¿¹¹æÀû ÁöÇ÷À» Çϴ Ưº°ÇÑ ÁÖÀÇ°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. À§ ºÐ¹®ºÎ Á¡¸·Àº ´õ ¾ã¾Æ¼­ Á¡¸· õ°øÀÇ À§Ç輺ÀÌ ³ô´Ù.

Landmarks of EGJ
Á¡¸·ÇÏ °ø°£ÀÌ Á¼¾ÆÁö°í
Ç÷°üÀÇ ÆÐÅÏÀÌ ¹Ù²î°í (pallisade pattern → net-work pattern in gastric side)
³»½Ã°æ ¹ÝÀü ½Ã Ǫ¸¥ »öÁ¶
2°³ÀÇ ½ºÄß »ç¿ë ½Ã ÅͳΠ³¡ÀÇ trasillumiation

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015

Myotomy ¿ä·É°ú ÁÖÀÇÁ¡
Longitudinal fiver¸¦ ÀÚ¸£Áö ¾Ê´Â ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÎ circular muscle myotomy¸¦ Çϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â inter-muscle space¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϱâ±îÁö ´Ü°èÀûÀ¸·Î ±ÙÀý°³¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
Standard myotomy ÃѱæÀÌ: 10-12cm, including 2-3cm cardiomyotomy
Selective myotomy¸¦ Á¤È®È÷ ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì´Â Á¶½É½º·´°Ô full thickness myotomy¸¦ ´Ü°èÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. Incomplete cardiomyotomy°¡ Ä¡·á ½ÇÆÐ¿Í Áõ»ó Àç¹ßÀÇ °¡Àå ÈçÇÑ ¿øÀÎÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.


[2017-7-8. ÀÌÁØÇà Áú¹®]

POEMÀº °íµµ·Î ¼÷·ÃµÈ ³»½Ã°æ Àǻ簡 ½ÃÇàÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ¾î·Á¿î ¼ú±â¶ó°í ¸»¾¸Á̴ּµ¥¿ä, ESD¸¦ ÀÚÁÖ ½ÃÇàÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¼­¾ç ÀÇ»çµéÀº ESDº¸´Ù POEMÀÌ ÈξÀ ½¬¿î ½Ã¼úÀ̶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼±»ý´ÔÀº ¾î¶»°Ô »ý°¢ÇϽôÂÁö¿ä?

[2017-7-8. ±èµµÈÆ ±³¼ö´Ô ´äº¯]

ESD Àü¹®°¡µéÀº ¸Å¿ì ¼¶¼¼ÇÏ°Ô °æ¿ì¿¡ POEMÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ESD °æÇèÀÌ ¾ø°Å³ª ÀûÀº ¼­¾ç ȤÀº Àεµ ÀÇ»çµéÀº POEMÀ» Àû´çÇÑ ¼ú±â·Î ½ÃÇàÀ» ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Myotomyµµ selectiveÇÏ°Ô ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ´ë°­ TT knife·Î Âß ÀÚ¸£°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

½Äµµ ESD¿Í POEMÀº »óÈ£ º¸¿ÏÀûÀÎ ½Ã¼úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. POEMÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ½Äµµ ESD °æÇèÀÌ Å©°Ô µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ½Äµµ ESD¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î POEMÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ¾Ë°Ô µÈ ÇϺΠ±¸Á¶¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÇØ°¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ½Äµµ ESD¿Í POEMÀ» ¸ðµÎ ½ÃÇàÇϸ鼭 À§¿Í ¾Æ·¡¸¦ ¸ðµÎ ¾Ë°ÔµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ ÁÁ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.


(2) POEM for treatment of other esophageal motility disorders - ±è°æ¿À (°¡Ãµ´ëÇб³ ±æº´¿ø)

Achalasia´Â subtype¿¡ µû¶ó¼­ Ä¡·á¹æħÀ» Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Digestion 2017;95:29 - PDF 0.5M

Spastic or hypercontractile esophagus¿¡ ´ëÇÑ POEM¿¡ À־ LES myotomy¸¦ ÇؾßÇϴ°¡ ³í¶õÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Inoue ¼±»ý´ÔÀº ÇâÈÄ achalasia·Î ÁøÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, POEM ÀÌÈÄ ½Äµµ üºÎÀÇ ineffective peristalsis·Î ÀÎÇÑ dysphagia³ª regurgitationÀÌ °¡´ÉÇϹǷΠ¹Ì¸® LES myotomy¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú´Ù´Â ÀÇ°ßÀ» ³½ ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù).


[2017-7-8. ÀÌÁØÇà Áú¹®]

2017³â DigestionÁö¿¡ ½Ç¸° ³í¹®(Digestion 2017;95:29-35)À» ÀοëÇϽø鼭, achalasia Áß type II¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â balloon dilatationÀ» first choice·Î ¸»¾¸Á̴ּµ¥¿ä, ÀÏÁ¤ ¼öÁØÀÇ learning curve¸¦ Åë°úÇÑ ±â°üÀÇ °æ¿ì POEMÀÇ ¾ÈÁ¤¼º°ú È¿°ú¸¦ °í·ÁÇÒ ¶§ ¸ðµç achalasiaÀÇ first choice·Î POEMÀ» ÃßõÇÏ´Â Àü¹®°¡µµ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

[2017-7-8. ±è°æ¿À ±³¼ö´Ô ´äº¯]

Balloon dilatation°ú POEMÀÇ randomized study°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ÁÁ°ÚÁö¸¸, POEMÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â ±â°ü¿¡¼­´Â POEM¸¸À», balloon dilatationÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â ±â°üÀº balloon dilatation¸¸À» ½ÃÇàÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â »óȲÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àú´Â ´ëºÎºÐ POEMÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

[2017-7-8. ÀÌÁØÇà comment]

POEM ¼ú±â°¡ È®¸³µÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ÇöÀç·Î¼­´Â Ưº°ÇÑ °æ¿ì ¾Æ´Ï¸é type°ú ¹«°üÇÏ°Ô ¸ðµç achalasia Ä¡·áÀÇ primary choice·Î POEMÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Å¸´çÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.


(3) Complications of POEM - Á¤Çö¼ö (¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ ÀÇ°ú´ëÇÐ)

¿ë¾î (WHO-UMC causality categories)
Definite (certain)No other cause
ProbableOther cause unlikely
PossibleOther causes possible
UnlikelyOther causes more likely

Gas-related complications
Spontaneous empyema31.6%
Capno/pneumomediastinum10-22%
Capno/pneumothrax11%
Capno/pneumothrax requiring decompression2.7%
Capno/pneumoperitoneum30.6%
Capno/pneumoperitoneum requiring decompression8.0%

Mucosal injury-perforation (mediastinal or peritoneal leak) (major) = 0.3%
MediastinitisInsufficient data
PeritonitisInsufficient data
Retroperitoneal abscesses2 cases reported
Pleural effusionInsufficient data
PneumonitisInsufficient data
GI fistulaInsufficient data
FeverInsufficient data

Rare complications
Delayed postoperative bleeding1.1%
Hematoma within the tunnel
Submucosal infection
Mortality0.025%(1/4000)

ÇöÀç±îÁö POEM°ú °ü·ÃµÈ »ç¸ÁÀº 1¿¹°¡ º¸°íµÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Á¤Çö¼ö ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­´Â POEM ÈÄ ½ÉÇÑ reflux Áõ»óÀ» È£¼ÒÇÑ È¯ÀÚ¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ¿© Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù. POEM °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ full thickness myotomy°¡ µÇ¾ú´ø ȯÀÚÀε¥ PPI response°¡ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ pyloric ring contractionÀÌ Áö¼ÓµÈ ¾ç»óÀ̾ú°í gastric emptying study¿¡¼­ delayed emptyingÀ» º¸¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Full thickness myotomy¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ vagus nerve damage¸¦ ÀǽÉÇÏ¿© pyloric ring ÁÖº¯¿¡ Botox injectionÀ» ÇÏ¿´°í Áï½Ã Áõ»óÀÌ È£ÀüµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.


13) Live demonstration

Á¶ÁÖ¿µ: Supine positionÀ¸·Î ½Ã¼úÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. (Left decubitus·Î 3½Ã°£ ÀÌ»ó ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Ùº¸¸é palsy°¡ ¿Ã ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù) Normal salin 100cc¿¡ hyaluronic acid 1 ampuleÀ» ¼¯¾î¼­ »ç¿ëÇϴµ¥, hyaluronic acid ³óµµ°¡ ÁøÇÏ¸é ¿¬±â°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ³ª´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Blue dye¸¦ ÁøÇÏ°Ô ¾²¸é perforating vesselÀÌ ¾È º¸À̱⠶§¹®¿¡ dye¸¦ ¾àÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Dual knife¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© spray coagulation mode, effect 2, 40 watt¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Spray mode´Â non-contact ¹æ¹ýÀ̹ǷΠDual knifeÀÇ needleÀ» ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ³»¹ÐÁö ¾Ê°í submucosal dissection ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. PneumoperitoneumÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇϸé ȯÀÚÀÇ »óÅ°¡ ¾È ÁÁ¾ÆÁö±â ¶§¹®¿¡ angiocath¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© º¹ºÎÀÇ gas¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Pneumomediastinum¿¡¼­ °£È¤ tension pneumothorax°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿© ±ÞÈ÷ chest tube¸¦ ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Diaphragm level¿¡¼­ (°£È¤ ½ÉÇÑ achalasia¿¡¼­ stenosis°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì´Â) °ø°£ÀÌ Á¼°í »»»»Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ³»½Ã°æ ÁøÇàÀÌ ¾î·Á¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. (1) capÀ» »©°í ½Ã¼úÇϰųª, (2) ºÎºÐÀûÀÎ myotomy¸¦ ¸ÕÀú ½ÃÇàÇØ ÁÖ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ» ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Cardia·Î µé¾î°¡¸é submucosal tissue°¡ looseÇØÁö´Âµ¥, À̶§ºÎÅÍ´Â Ç÷°üÀ» Àß º¸°í pre-emptive coagulationÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀϺ» ÈÄ»ý¼º¿¡¼­ POEM ½Ã¼ú·á¸¦ 15¸¸¿£ Á¤µµ·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÑ »óÅÂÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Â÷º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ȯÀÚ°¡ ³»´Â ºñ¿ëÀº ÃÑ¾× 400-500¸¸¿ø Á¤µµ ³»´Â °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. (´Ù¸¥ ¼±»ý´ÔµéÀº ½Ã¼úºñ¸¦ 200-350¸¸¿ø Á¤µµ¶ó°í ¸»¾¸ÇϼÌÀ½) ÀϺ»¿¡¼­´Â ÈÄ»ý¼º¿¡¼­ POEM ½Ã¼ú·á¸¦ 15¸¸¿£ Á¤µµ·Î Á¤Çسõ¾Ò´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °í±³¼ö´ÔÀº Myotomy´Â FineMedix »çÀÇ hook knife, Swift coagulationÀ¸·Î ½Ã¼úÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù (FineMedix »çÀÇ hook knife°¡ ±æ¾î¼­ À¯¸®ÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù). ½Äµµ´Â selective myotomy¸¦ ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ longitudinal muscleÀÌ ÇÔ²² ÀýÁ¦µÇ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹½À´Ï´Ù. EG junction ºÎºÐÀº °íÀÇÀûÀ¸·Î full thickness myotomy¸¦ Çϱ⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Type IÀÇ °æ¿ì circumferential muscleÀÌ ¿ö³« ¾ã±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀúÀý·Î full thickness myotomy°¡ µÇ±âµµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. TunnelingÀº õõÈ÷ myotomy´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ºü¸£°Ô ½ÃÇàÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °ø±â¸¦ Àû°Ô ³Ö°í ºü¸¥ ¼Óµµ·Î myotomy¸¦ Çؾ߸¸ pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneumÀÇ ¹ß»ý·üÀÌ ³·°í, Ȥ½Ã ¹ß»ýÇÏ´õ¶óµµ °ø±â°¡ Àû°Ô µé¾î°¡ ȯÀÚ°¡ »¡¸® ȸº¹µË´Ï´Ù. Á¶ÁÖ¿µ ±³¼ö´ÔÀº POEM ÈÄ reflux°¡ ½ÉÇÏ¿© 2¸í¿¡¼­ antireflux endoscopic treatment¸¦ ÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ¸»¾¸Çϼ̽À´Ï´Ï´Ù. POEM Ãʱ⿡ incisionÀ» horizontalÇÑ ¹æÇâÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥ ±×¶§´Â closure°¡ ¾î·Á¿ü´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿äÁòÀº Ç×»ó longitudinalÇÏ°Ô incisionÀ» Çϱ⠴빮¿¡ clippingÀÌ ¾î·Á¿î °æ¿ì´Â °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Â °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

È«¼öÁø: ½Ã¼ú ½Ã°£ÀÌ ±æ¾îÁö¸é edema°¡ ½ÉÇØÁö´Â µî ½Ã¼ú¿¡ ºÒ¸®ÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Muscle¿¡ °¡±õ°Ô tunellingÀÌ µÇ¾î¾ß Ç÷°üÀ» ´ú ¸¸³ª°Ô µÇ°í, preemtive coagulationÀ» ÇÒ ¶§¿¡µµ ±ÙÀ° ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î Á¢±ÙÇؼ­ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿©¾ß mucosal thermal injury¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Intraoperative EndoFlipÀ» routineÀ¸·Î ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Myotomy°¡ ºÎÁ·Çϰųª °úµµÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ÂÁö Æò°¡ÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

±è°æ¿À: submucosal tunnelingÀ» ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â muscle¿¡ °¡±õ°Ô Á¢±ÙÇÏ¿© ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. Ç÷°üÀ» preemptive coagulationÇÒ ¶§ ÁÖÀÇÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é Á¡¸·ÀÇ thermal injury°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Body¿¡¼­´Â selective myotomy¸¦ Çϴµ¥ full myotomy°¡ µÇÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ¾à°£ superficialÇÏ°Ô ÀýÁ¦ÇÏ°í EG junction ºÎÀ§¿¡¼­´Â circumferential muscle myotomy¸¦ ´Ù ÇØ º¸¸é longitudinal muscleÀÌ ¿ö³« ¾ã±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀúÀý·Î full myotomy°¡ µË´Ï´Ù. IncisionÀ» closure ÇØ ÁÙ ¶§ ù clipÀ» Àß Àâ¾ÆÁÖ¿©¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Á¤Çö¼ö: TT knife, Spray coagulation, effect 2, 60 watt¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Spray coagulationÀº non-contact ¹æ¹ýÀ̸ç, Ç¥¸éÀûÀÌ ³ÐÀ»¼ö·Ï È¿°úÀûÀ̹ǷΠTT knife°¡ À¯¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ»êº´¿ø ±èµµÈÆ ¼±»ý´ÔÀº IT nano¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í Àִµ¥, ³¡¿¡ tipÀÌ ÀÖ¾î Á¶±Ý °ú°¨È÷ ¿òÁ÷ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î Á¶±Ý ºü¸£°Ô ÁøÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

[ÀÌÁØÇà comment]

Achalasia´Â ¸¸¼ºÁúȯÀÌ°í Áõ»óÀÌ ´Ù¼Ò ¸ðÈ£ÇÏ¿© ÀǽÉÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é Áø´ÜÇϱ⠾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼û¾îÀִ ȯÀÚ°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ Çмú¸ðÀÓ µîÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© achalasia¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÎÁöµµ°¡ ³ô¾ÆÁö¸é¼­ Á¡Á¡ ¸¹Àº achalasia ȯÀÚ°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸´õ¶óµµ ¿ö³« incidence°¡ ³·Àº º´À̹ǷΠÀ§¾Ïó·³ ȯÀÚ ¼ö°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡ POEM µîÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¿ÏÄ¡°¡ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

ÀϺ»¿¡¼­µµ achalasia Áõ·Ê°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÇ°í POEMÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áµÈ ÈÄ ÃÖ±Ùµé¾î »õ·Î Áø´ÜµÇ´Â Áõ·Ê°¡ °¨¼ÒÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¸Å³â »õ·Î ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â achalasia°¡ ¸¹Áö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼û¾îÀִ ȯÀÚµéÀ» ¹ß±¼ÇÏ¿© ¸ðµÎ Ä¡·áÇÏ¸é ½ÅȯÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµé ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Â ±¸Á¶ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

POEMÀº ºñ±³Àû º¹ÀâÇÑ ½Ã¼úÀ̹ǷΠlearning curve À̽´µµ ÀÖÁö¸¸, ½Ç·ÂÀ» À¯ÁöÇϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â ¸Å³â ÀÏÁ¤ ¼ö ÀÌ»óÀÇ ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡µµ °í·ÁµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡´Â achalasia ȯÀÚ°¡ ÀûÀ¸¹Ç·Î POEM ½Ã¼úÀÚµµ ¸î ¸íÀ̸é ÃæºÐÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Ä¡·á³»½Ã°æ¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÖ´Â Àǻ簡 °æÇè Â÷¿ø¿¡¼­ ¼Ò¼öÀÇ POEMÀ» ½Ã¼úÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÁÁÀº ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ¸î°³ÀÇ center¿¡ ÁýÁßÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Å« º´¿øÀÏ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÛÀº º´¿øÀÌ¶óµµ POEM ½Ã¼ú¿¡ °ü½É¸¹Àº ½Ã¼úÀÚ°¡ ȯÀÚ¸¦ ¸ð¾Æ¼­ ¸ÚÁø center¸¦ ¸¸µé¸é µË´Ï´Ù. Àϳ⿡ ÇÑµÎ¸í ½Ã¼úÇÒ °ÍÀÌ¸é ¾Æ¿¹ ½ÃÀÛÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ Á¦ ÀÇ°ßÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ Àú´Â POEM ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. º» º´¿ø¿¡¼­´Â ¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´ÔÀÌ ¸ðµç ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇÏ°í °è½Ê´Ï´Ù.

[À̱¤Àç ±³¼ö´Ô private comment]

ÀÌÁØÇà ±³¼ö´Ô ÀÇ°ßÀÌ Å¸´çÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚµµ ¸¹Áö ¾ÊÀºµ¥ ¸î¸î center·Î ÁýÁßÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¸ðµç achalasia ȯÀÚ¸¦ ÀÇ·ÚÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖÀ» °Í °°Áö´Â ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ±è°æ¿À ±³¼ö´Ô °­ÀÇ¿¡¼­ ¼Ò°³µÈ DigestionÁö ³í¹®(Digestion 2017;95:29-35)°ú °°ÀÌ type II´Â ½±°í °£´ÜÇÑ balloon dilatationÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÏ°í, POEMÀÌ ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ È¯ÀÚ¸¸ POEM center·Î ÀÇ·ÚÇÏ´Â Àü·«ÀÌ À¯¿ëÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.


14) 2018-5-10. ÀϺ»³»½Ã°æÇÐȸ Inoue ¼±»ý´Ô °­ÀÇ

Showa ´ëÇп¡¼­´Â 2008³â 9¿ù 8ÀÏ Ã¹ ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ 2018³â 2¿ù 15ÀϱîÁö 1621¿¹ÀÇ ½Ã¼úÀ» Çß´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

ÀÛ³â IDEN¿¡¼­ º¸¿©ÁÖ¾î Å« °¨µ¿À» ÁÖ¾ú´ø ±× »çÁøÀ» ´Ù½Ã º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ POEM ½Ã¼ú Àå¸é

¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ POEM ½Ã¼ú ȯÀÚÀÇ ½Ã¼ú Àü ÈÄ Áõ»ó º¯È­¿Í Eckerdt score

¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ POEM ȯÀÚÀÇ ½Ã¼ú 8³â ÈÄ ¸ð½À. POEM ½Ã¼ú Àü¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© üÁßÀÌ 20kgÀÌ ´Ã¾ú´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

2008³â 9¿ù 8ÀϺÎÅÍ 2017³â±îÁö ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ POEMÀÌ 2,998¿¹ ½Ã¼úµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Major center´Â Showa ´ëÇÐ (1515¿¹, 50.5%), Fukuoka ´ëÇÐ (249¿¹), Kobe ´ëÇÐ (182¿¹), Nagasaki ´ëÇÐ (139¿¹)¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

Inoue ¼±»ý´ÔÀº double scope method¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© LESÀÇ distal marginÀ» È®ÀÎÇÔÀ¸·Î½á incomplete mytomy¸¦ ÇÇÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

³»½Ã°æ fundoplication ¹æ¹ýµµ ¼Ò°³µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. À̸§Àº POEF (anterior partial fundoplication)¿´´Âµ¥ ³»½Ã°æÀ¸·Î peritoneal space¿¡ µé¾î°£ ÈÄ clip°ú endoloop¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© anterior partial wrapÀ» ¸¸µå´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. POEMÀ» Çϸ鼭 POEF¸¦ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ½ÃÇà(POEM + Fundoplication)ÇÏ¸é ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ ¿ª·ù°¡ Àû´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. DeMeester score¿¡ À־ Åë°èÀû À¯ÀǼºÀ» º¸ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. POEMÀ» ÇÏ¿© ¿Õâ ³ÐÇôÁØ ÈÄ endoscopic fundoplicationÀ» ÇÏ¿© ¾à°£ Á¼ÇôÁÖ¸é ¿ª·ù°¡ Àû´Ù´Â °ÍÀε¥... ¸»ÇÏÀÚ¸é º´ÁÖ°í ¾àÁÖ°íÀε¥... ÀÌ·¸°Ô±îÁö ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖÀ»±î ½Í¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.


15) 20210723 ANBIIG sympoisum for POEM


6. POEM training

»õ·Î¿î ½Ã¼úÀ» ¹è¿ì±â À§Çؼ­´Â ÀÏ´Ü Àü¹®°¡ÀÇ ½Ã¼úÀ» Âü°üÇÏ°í simulator¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÈÆ·ÃÇϸé ÁÁ½À´Ï´Ù. 2019³â Tokyo Live Inoue ¼±»ý´Ô POEM live¸¦ ÃßõÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

EndoGELÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ POEM ¿¬½Àµµ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡´Â EndoGEL ȸ»ç¿¡¼­ Á¦°øÇÑ µ¿¿µ»óÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

YouTUBE 樨毢

Myotoma Á¤Áö ¿µ»ó

2021³â 6¿ù 22ÀÏ ¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´ÔÀ» ¸ð½Ã°í ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ÃÖÃÊ·Î EndoGEL POEM hands-on workshopÀ» ÁøÇàÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. EndoGEL ESD¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÑ Áغñ¸¦ ÇÏ¿´°í Ãß°¡·Î ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº (1) ³»½Ã°æ µµÁß °ø±â ÁÖÀÔÀ» À§ÇÑ air/water bottle, (2) Åõ¸íĸ, (3) injection catheter, (4) saline À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

ȸ»ç¿¡¼­´Â EndoGELÀ» Á÷°¢À¸·Î À§Ä¡½ÃŲ »óÅ¿¡¼­ ¿¬½ÀÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Anterior approach¿¡ °¡±õ½À´Ï´Ù.

¿ì¸®´Â Koken simulator¿¡ EndoGEL ESD training stationÀ» ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°í plateÀÇ °¢µµ¸¦ Á¶±Ý ³ô¿© ¹Ù´Ú¿¡ ³õ°í ½Ã¼úÇß½À´Ï´Ù. Posterior approach¿¡ °¡±õ½À´Ï´Ù.

EndoGEL ESD¿Í ´Þ¸® °ø±â ÁÖÀÔÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ³»½Ã°æ system¿¡ air/water bottleÀ» ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

Åõ¸í capÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Finemedix»çÀÇ °ßº»Ç°À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

ª°í °¡´Â Olympus»çÀÇ POEM Àü¿ë injection¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

Triangle tipÀÌ Á¶±Ý °¡´Ã°í water jet ±â´ÉÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ Olympus»çÀÇ POEM Àü¿ë TT knife¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

ERBE ESU settingÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Endo Cut Q´Â initial cutting¿¡¸¸ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ´Ù¸¥ ¸ðµç stepÀº Spray Coag¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Myotomy ´Ü°è¿¡¼­´Â Ãâ·ÂÀ» Á¶±Ý ³ô¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´Ô²²¼­ submucosal injection ÈÄ Ã¹ incisionÀ» °¡ÇÏ´Â ¿ª»çÀûÀÎ ¼ø°£ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±× µ¿¾È ¸¹Àº Áغñ¸¦ ÇÑ º¸¶÷À» ´À²¼½À´Ï´Ù.

Mucosal cutting

Incision ÈÄ tunnelingÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© óÀ½À¸·Î Á¡¸·ÇÏÃþ¿¡ ÁøÀÔÇÏ´Â Àå¸éÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ °ø±â ÁÖÀÔÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

Intial submucosal layer introduction

TunnelingÀÌ ¾à°£ ÁøÇàµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Short tuneling

TunnelingÀÌ ³¡±îÁö ÁøÇàµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Long tuneling

Initial myotomy

Short myotomy

Long myotomy

¸ðµç ½Ã¼úÀ» ¸¶Ä¡°í clippingÀ» ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

Closure

¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´ÔÀÇ demonstration ½Ã¼úÀÌ ³¡³­ ÈÄ fellow ¼±»ý´ÔµéÀÇ ½Ã¼úÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ³¡±îÁö ¼¼½ÉÈ÷ ÁöµµÇØÁֽŠ¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´Ô²² °¨»çµå¸³´Ï´Ù.

EndoGEL POEM hands-onÀ» ¸¶Ä¡°í ¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´Ô ÀÎÅͺä


[2021-11-11] Á¦2ȸ EndoGEL POEM hands-on workshop

»ï¼ºµ¿ COEX Àα٠Fujifilm ³»½Ã°æ ÈƷýǿ¡¼­ ¿¬¼¼´ëÇб³ °­³²¼¼ºê¶õ½ºº´¿ø À±¿µÈÆ ±³¼ö´ÔÀ» tutor·Î ¸ð½Ã°í »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø°ú °­³²¼¼ºê¶õ½ºº´¿ø 2³âÂ÷ fellow ¼±»ý´ÔµéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î Á¦2ȸ EndoGEL POEMÀ» ÁøÇàÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ ȯÀÚÀÇ POEMÀ» »ó´çÈ÷ ºñ½ÁÇÑ Á¤µµ·Î simulationÇÏ´Â ÁÁÀº ¸ðµ¨À̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½Äµµ°¡ ¾ã¾Æ¼­ POEM ¿¬½ÀÀÌ ¾î·Á¿î live pig ´ë»ó POEM ¿¬½Àº¸´Ù´Â ÈξÀ ´õ ÁÁ¾Ò´Ù´Â ¹ÝÀÀÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÕÀ¸·Îµµ Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î EndoGEL POEM hands-on trainingÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÒ ¿¹Á¤ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ù »çÁøÀ» clickÇÏ¿© µ¿¿µ»óÀ» º¸½Ã±â ¹Ù¶ø´Ï´Ù.


[2021-12-11] Á¦3ȸ EndoGEL POEM hands-on workshop

ÀÏ¿øµ¿ »ï¼º»ý¸íºôµù 9Ãþ SMC ÀÓ»ó½Ã¹Ä·¹À̼Ǽ¾ÅÍ¿¡¼­ »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø ¼ÒÈ­±â³»°ú ÀÌÇõ ±³¼ö´ÔÀ» tutor·Î ¸ð½Ã°í »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø fellow ¼±»ý´ÔµéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î Á¦3ȸ EndoGEL POEM hands-on workshopÀ» ÁøÇàÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Áö±Ý±îÁö´Â ÀÓ»ó½Ã¹Ä·¹À̼Ǽ¾ÅÍ ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ Àå¼Ò¿¡¼­ EndoGEL ESD workshopÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´À¸³ª À̹ø¿¡ óÀ½À¸·Î ÀÓ»ó½Ã¹Ä·¹À̼Ǽ¾ÅÍÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» °³ÃÖÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. º» ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Á¦¹Ý ºñ¿ë°ú ÆíÀǸ¦ Á¦°øÇØ ÁֽŠSMC ÀÓ»ó½Ã¹Ä·¹ÀÌ¼Ç ¼¾ÅÍ ¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô Áø½ÉÀ¸·Î °¨»çÀÇ ¸»¾¸À» µå¸³´Ï´Ù. ³»³âºÎÅÍ´Â ÀÏ¿øµ¿ SMC ÀÓ»ó½Ã¹Ä·¹À̼Ǽ¾ÅÍ¿¡¼­ Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î EndoGEL POEM hands-on workshopÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÒ ¿¹Á¤ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

¿À´ÃÀÇ Çà»ç¿¡´Â Olympus Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Âü°üÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÇâÈÄ Olympus ¼Ûµµ training center K-TEC¿¡¼­µµ EndoGEL POEM hands-on woskrhopÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

* EndoGEL POEM ÇÚÁî¿Â ±³À° °á°ú º¸°í (±³À°ÀÎÀç°³¹ß½Ç ±³À°¿î¿µÆÀ, PDF)


[2022-5-28] Á¦4ȸ EndoGEL POEM hands-on workshop

ÀÏ¿øµ¿ »ï¼º»ý¸íºôµù 9Ãþ SMC ÀÓ»ó½Ã¹Ä·¹À̼Ǽ¾ÅÍ¿¡¼­ »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø ¼ÒÈ­±â³»°ú ÀÌÇõ ±³¼ö´ÔÀ» tutor·Î ¸ð½Ã°í POEM workshopÀ» ÁøÇàÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ¸Å¿ì ÁÁÀº feedbackÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ¸ðµÎ ¼ö°íÇϼ̽À´Ï´Ù.


[2022-11-5] Á¦5ȸ EndoGEL POEM hands-on workshop

ÀÏ¿øµ¿ »ï¼º»ý¸íºôµù 9Ãþ SMC ÀÓ»ó½Ã¹Ä·¹À̼Ǽ¾ÅÍ¿¡¼­ »ï¼º¼­¿ïº´¿ø ¼ÒÈ­±â³»°ú ¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´ÔÀ» tutor·Î ¸ð½Ã°í POEM workshopÀ» ÁøÇàÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.


[2023-6-9] IDEN 2023


[Cases]

5³â°£ ¾ðÄ£ Áõ¼¼°¡ ÀÖ¾ú°í Á¡Â÷ üÁßÀÌ ºüÁ³´ø ºÐÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °ú°Å ³»½Ã°æ ÈÄ ¿ª·ù¼º ½Äµµ¿°À¸·Î µéÀº ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ³»½Ã°æ »çÁøÀ» ÀÚ¼¼È÷ º¸¸é EG junctionÀÌ tight ÇÏ°í ÇϺνĵµ°¡ ´Ã¾î³­ ¸ð¾çÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ½Äµµ Áõ»óÀÌ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡¼­ ÀÌ Á¤µµ ¼Ò°ßÀÌ º¸À̸é achalasia¸¦ ÀǽÉÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Timed barium esophagography¿¡¼­ ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ¼Ò°ßÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. HRM¿¡¼­ LES relaxationÀÌ ÀüÇô º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê°í panesophageal pressurizationÀ» º¸ÀÌ°í À־ ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ type II achalasiaÀÔ´Ï´Ù. POEMÀ¸·Î Ä¡·áÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. Inner circular muscleÀ» µé¾î¿Ã¸®´Â ´À³¦À» °¡Áö¸é¼­ pushÇÏ¿© ÀýÁ¦ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. LES¿¡¼­´Â full thickness resectionÀ» ÇØ ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ È¿°úÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ pneumoperitoneumÀÌ ¾à°£ »ý±â´Â °ÍÀº Å« ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. (¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´Ô)


[FAQs]

[2015-5-5. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]

Endotoday¸¦ ÅëÇØ Ç×»ó ¸¹Àº°ÍÀ» ¹è¿ì´Â ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ 1ÀÎÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Achalasia¿¡ ´ëÇÑ POEMÄ¡·á´Â ÀÌ·ÐÀû ¹è°æÀ̳ª È¿°úÀûÀÎ Ãø¸é¿¡¼­ ÂüÀ¸·Î ¸Å·ÂÀûÀÎ Ä¡·á¹æ¹ýÀÎ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ÀúÈñ º´¿ø¿¡¼­µµ »õ·Î¿î Ä¡·á¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ½ÃµµÇØ º¸·Á setting ÁßÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¸î°¡Áö ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀÎ ¸é¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±³¼ö´ÔÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» ºÎŹÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

1. POEMÀº °á±¹ Àü½Å¸¶ÃëÇÏ¿¡¼­ ½ÃÇàÇϴ°ÍÀÌ ¾ÈÀüÇÒ µí ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î °í·ÉÀÇ achalasiaȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ Àü½Å¸¶Ã븦 ½ÃÇàÇϴ°ÍÀÌ ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ÀǽÄÇÏ ÁøÁ¤ÀÇ ³»½Ã°æ¿¡ ºñÇØ morbidity¿¡ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾øÀ»±î¿ä.

2. ¼ö°¡¸¦ ¾î¶»°Ô Ã¥Á¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀ»±î¿ä. Á¦°¡ ¾Ë±â·Î´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ POEMÀº ÀÎÁ¤ºñ±Þ¿©·Îµµ ¼ö°¡¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. Ȥ½Ã ¿©±â¿¡ ´ëÇØ ´Ù¸¥ ±³¼ö´ÔµéÀº ¾î¶»°Ô ´ëóÇÏ°í °è½ÅÁö¿ä. »õ·Î¿î Ä¡·á¹æ¹ýÀ» ½ÃµµÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¼ö°¡Ã¼°è°¡ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ Àå¾Ö¹°ÀÌ µÇ´Â Çö½ÇÀÌ ´ä´äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

[2015-5-6. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯]

POEMÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ ÇϽô ±³¼ö´Ô²² ¹®ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ´äº¯À» ¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

"°í·É ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ Àü½Å¸¶ÃëÀÇ À§ÇèÀº ¾øÀ» ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¿Ü°ú ¼ö¼úÀ» ¹Þ´Â °í·É ȯÀÚÀÇ Àü½Å¸¶Ãë À§Ç輺º¸´Ù ³ôÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸Áö´Â ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ´õ Áß¿äÇÑ ¹®Á¦´Â ½ÉÆóÇÕº´ÁõÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ½Ã¼úÀÇ Æ¯¼º»ó Á¤µµÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â ÀÖÁö¸¸ minimal mediastinitis°¡ À¯¹ßµÉ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø°í, ½Ã¼ú ÈÄ ÅëÁõÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ °´´ã¹èÃâ µîÀÌ ¿øÇÒÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¼­ ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇÑ 2Â÷ÀûÀÎ ½ÉÆóÇÕº´ÁõÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. µ¿¹Ý Áúȯ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ »çÀü¿¡ °í·ÁÇÏ°í, ¸¶Ãë°ú ¼±»ý´Ô°ú »óÀÇÇÏ¿© À§Çèµµ¸¦ ÆÇ´ÜÇØ¾ß ÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.

À̹ø¿¡ ½ÅÀÇ·á±â¼ú¿¡¼­ ¶Ç Å»¶ôÀÌ µÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ´çºÐ°£ - ¾ó¸¶³ª °É¸±Áö ¾Ë ¼ö ¾øÁö¸¸ - ÇÕ´çÇÑ ¼ö°¡¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Â »óÅÂÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ º´¿øµéÀÌ ³»½Ã°æ dz¼± È®Àå¼ú µî¿¡ ÁØ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¼ö°¡¸¦ ¹Þ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ÁÖ Àç·á¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹®Á¦µµ ÇØ°áµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÐȸ¿¡¼­ ÀÌ·¸°Ô È°¹ßÇÏ°Ô °ü½ÉÀ» º¸ÀÌ°í Àִµ¥µµ, ÀÌ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÇØ°áµÉ ±â¹Ì°¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾Æ ¾ÈŸ±î¿î ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Á¦°¡ ´Ù½Ã ¿ä¾àÇغ¸¸é, POEMÀº Àü½Å¸¶ÃëÇÏ¿¡¼­ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ÆÁ÷ ÄÚµå´Â ¾ø¾î¼­ balloon dilatation ÄÚµå·Î ½ÃÇàÇÏ°í °è½Å ±³¼ö´ÔµéÀÌ ¸¹Àº °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼­ »õ·Î¿î ½Ã¼úÀ» µµÀÔÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Á¿î ÀÏÀÌ µÇ¾î ¹ö·È½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÇ»çµéÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÑ ¼öÁØÀÇ À¶Å뼺À» ¹ßÈÖÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÃÖ¼±,ÃÖ½ÅÀÇ Ä¡·á¸¦ Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ÀÌ°Ô ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ°¡ ¿øÇصµ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀº ºÒ¹ýÀ̶ó°í °£ÁֵDZ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ½ÅÀÇ·á±â¼ú·Î ÀÎÁ¤À» ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß¸¸ ½Ã¼úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇöÀçÀÇ ±ÔÁ¤À̴ϱî¿ä...... ÇѽÉÇÑ ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. »óÈ£°£ÀÇ ½Å·Ú°¡ ³Ê¹« ³·Àº °ÍÀÌ ¹®Á¦Àϱî¿ä?

±ÔÁ¤À» Àß µû¸£¸é¼­ ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ Ä¡·á¸¦ Çϱâ¶õ ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù. ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ µû¶ó ¿À·¡µÈ ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ Ä¡·á, °£È¤ ÈÄÁø Ä¡·á¸¸ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ Çö½ÇÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °³º° Àǻ簡 ¹ýÀûÀÎ risk¸¦ ¶°¾È´Â °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ ÷´Ü Ä¡·á¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸»À̳ª µË´Ï±î? ±×·¯³ª ¸¹Àº ºÐµéÀÌ ±×·¸°Ô ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ȯÀÚ¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ±â²¨ÀÌ À§ÇèÀ» °¨¼öÇÏ´Â ¿©·¯ ±³¼ö´ÔµéÀ» Á¸°æÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ÀÇ»çµéÀº ½Ã(POEM, peroral endoscopic myotomy)¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¸»°í ½Ã(poem, ãÌ)³ª ÁöÀ¸¶ó´Â ¸»ÀÎÁö...

[2016-10-8. ÀÌÁØÇà Ãß°¡]

ÃÖ±Ù Á¤Ã¥´ç±¹ÀÇ È¸ÀÇ¿¡¼­ POEMÀÌ Åë°úµÇ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á¶¸¸°£ º¸Çè ±Þ¿©·Î Àû¹ýÇÏ°Ô ½Ã¼úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÉ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.


[2019-11-28. ¾Öµ¶ÀÚ Áú¹®]

40´ë ³²¼º °ËÁø ³»½Ã°æÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À§³»½Ã°æ»ó, GE junctionÀÌ Á¶ÀÌ´Â µí º¸¿©, ¾ÆÄ®¶óÁö¾Æ ÀÇ½ÉµÇ¾î ¹®Àǵ帳´Ï´Ù. °ËÁø ³¡³­ ÈÄ Áõ»óÀ» ¹°¾îº¸¾Ò°í ¾à°£ÀÇ ½Äµµ¿° Áõ»ó ¿Ü¿¡´Â ºÒÆíÇÑ Á¡ÀÌ ÀüÇô ¾ø´Ù°í ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. °ËÁø ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ ¾ÆÄ®¶óÁö¾Æ ÀǽɵǸé, ´ëÇк´¿ø¿¡ ÀÇ·ÚÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö ±Ã±ÝÇÏ¿© ¹®Àǵ帳´Ï´Ù.

[2019-11-28. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯]

ÁÁÀº Áú¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾ÆÄ®¶óÁö¾Æ ³»½Ã°æ ¼Ò°ß¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¸î Â÷·Ê ¼³¸íµå¸° ¹Ù ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù¸¸, »ç½Ç ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ nonspecificÇÏ°í Á¤»ó°ú ±¸ºÐÀÌ ½±Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.

Endoscopic findings of achalasia
  • Dilation of the esophagus. Dilated esophagus may droop to both sides of the spine. Severely dilated esophagus can be curved.
  • Food remnant in the esophagus. A lot of fluid can be found.
  • Whitish coating of the mucosa caused by adhesion of the remained food inside of the esophagus and thickening of the mucosa.
  • Esophago-gastric junction is normal or slightly tight. There is no evidence of sliding hiatal hernia. The SCJ does not move upward by deep inspiration. Endoscope passes through the tight segment with some resistance.
  • Rosette-like esophageal folds
  • Abnormal contraction of the esophagus. Sometimes, simultaneous contraction is seen.
  • In retroflection, the endoscope is tightly wrapped by the cardia mucosa.
  • Pinstripe pattern (PSP)

º°´Ù¸¥ Áõ»óÀÌ ¾ø´Â ºÐÀÇ ³»½Ã°æ¿¡¼­ ¿ì¿¬È÷ ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ¼Ò°ßÀÌ ÀÇ½ÉµÉ ¶§ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö ¹®ÀÇÇϼ̴µ¥¿ä... Áõ»óÀ» ¹°¾îº¸°í ºÒÆíÇÔÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é ´õ ÀÌ»ó ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. Áõ»óÀÌ ¾ø´Ù´Âµ¥ ¹¹°¡ ´õ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï±î? "ºÒÆíÇÑ °÷ ¾ø½À´Ï±î?"¶ó°í open questionÀ¸·Î ¹°¾îº¸¾Æµµ µÇÁö¸¸ »ïÅ°±â ¾î·ÆÁö ¾Ê´ÂÁö, À½½ÄÀÌ °É¸®Áö´Â ¾Ê´ÂÁö, ½ÄÈÄ À½½ÄÀ» ÀÚÁÖ ÅäÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´ÂÁö, üÁßÀÌ ºüÁö´ÂÁö µîÀ» ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹°¾îº¸´Â °Í Á¤µµ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

ȯÀÚÀÇ »çÁø¿¡¼­ SC junction Á÷»ó¹æÀÇ ¹ßÀûÀÌ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸ (°ú°Å¿¡´Â minimal change¶ó°í ºÒ·¶À»Áö ¸ð¸£³ª) ÀÓ»óÀû ÀÇÀÇ´Â °ÅÀÇ ¾øÀ» °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

Âü°í·Î... ¾Æ·¡ ȯÀÚ´Â °ËÁø chest CT¿¡¼­ ¿ì¿¬È÷ achalasia°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´ø °æ¿ìÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹°¾îº¸¾Ò´õ´Ï ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ dysphagia°¡ ¿À·¡ ÀüºÎÅÍ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í Çß½À´Ï´Ù.

[2021-10-31] Facebook¿¡¼­ POEM myotomy¸¦ clutchcutter (Fujifilm)À¸·Î ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. °¡´ÉÇÒ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. ¹®Á¦´Â °¡°ÝÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

[2022-12-22] Fujifilm EndoGEL POEM (¹Î¾ç¿ø ±³¼ö´Ô)


[2023-6-2. SMC Áý´ãȸ Áú¹®]

Sigmoid type achalasia¿¡¼­ POEMÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑÁö, Áõ»ó °³¼±Àº ¾î´À Á¤µµÀÎÁö ±Ã±ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

[2023-6-3. ÀÌÁØÇà ´äº¯]

¾îÁ¦ Áý´ãȸ¿¡¼­´Â sigmoid type achalasia¿¡¼­ POEMÀÇ È¿°ú°¡ ³·À» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î, Áï POEM ÈÄ È®ÀåµÈ ½Äµµ°¡ ȸº¹µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó´Â comment°¡ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Á¦°¡ Á÷Á¢ POEM ½Ã¼úÀ» ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¹®Çå¿¡ µû¸£¸é sigmoid type achalasia¿¡¼­µµ POEMÀÌ ÃæºÐÈ÷ È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ ¾ÆÁÖ ¾ÆÁÖ ½ÉÇÑ °æ¿ì´Â ±× È¿°ú°¡ ´úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù Á¤µµ·Î ÀÌÇØÇÏ¸é ¾î¶³±î ½Í½À´Ï´Ù.

Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for a sigmoid type of achalasia: short-term outcomes and changes in the esophageal angle Surg Endosc 2020

Peroral endoscopic myotomy for advanced achalasia with sigmoid-shaped esophagus: long-term outcomes from a prospective, single-center study Surg Endosc 2015


[References]

1) Anorectal manometry Æǵ¶ - SMC manual (2007)

2) ¿îµ¿±â´É°Ë»ç Æǵ¶ - ¿À·¡µÈ SMC manual (2007)

PDF 0.5M

3) POEM °£È£ ¸Þ´º¾ó 2017 - ³»ºÎ¿ë. ¾ÏÈ£ ÀÖÀ½

© ÀÏ¿ø³»½Ã°æ±³½Ç ¹Ù¸¥³»½Ã°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò ÀÌÁØÇà. EndoTODAY Endoscopy Learning Center. Lee Jun Haeng.